Infectious Diseases
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“Never More Than 15 Feet From the Respirator”: Housestaff Research During the 1955 Boston Polio Epidemic
During Boston’s devastating 1955 polio epidemic, Massachusetts General Hospital trainees conducted groundbreaking patient research while providing round-the-clock care in iron lung wards – a striking contrast to trainee roles during COVID-1
Pairing HDV RNA With Anti-HDV Levels May Sharpen Staging and Treatment Monitoring in HBV/HDV Coinfection
In HBsAg-positive, anti-HDV-positive patients, combined measurement of HDV RNA and anti-HDV titers distinguished inactive from active disease and tracked interferon response more effectively than either marker alone.
Elevated Heart Failure Risk in People With HIV: Insights from the REPRIEVE Trial
The REPRIEVE trial reveals higher heart failure incidence in people with HIV, particularly among women, Black participants in high-income regions, and those with hypertension or obesity. Traditional risk factors, not HIV-specific markers, w
Biomarker Signatures in Sepsis: Linking Host Response to Clinical Outcomes
A prospective cohort study identifies biomarker signatures for host resistance, disease tolerance, and damage in sepsis, revealing associations with mortality and sepsis subtypes.
Fecal Microbiota Transplant Fails to Decolonize Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in GI Patients: A Randomized Trial Analysis
A randomized clinical trial found that FMT did not significantly decolonize MDROs or reduce AMR genes in GI disease patients, though it modulated gut microbiome composition.
CD16+ γδ T Cells: A Novel Player in HBV Viral Control Through Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity
A study reveals CD16+ γδ T cells as key mediators of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in HBV infection, correlating with reduced viral replication and offering new therapeutic targets.
Cultural Diversity in ICU: A Protective Factor Against Sepsis Mortality
A multicenter study reveals that culturally and linguistically diverse patients with sepsis had lower in-hospital mortality and shorter ICU stays compared to non-CaLD patients, challenging prior assumptions about healthcare disparities.
Combination Antiviral Therapy Improves Survival in HHV-6B Encephalitis Post-Cord Blood Transplant
A real-world study reveals FCN/GCV combination therapy enhances 1-year survival in HHV-6B encephalitis post-CBT, particularly after neutrophil engraftment, compared to monotherapy. Findings underscore the need for tailored antiviral strateg
Antifungal Therapy Slashes Mortality in COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: European Data Confirms
A multicenter European cohort study demonstrates that antifungal treatment significantly reduces 60-day mortality in COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), particularly in immunocompromised patients. Key findings underscore the
Nine-Valent HPV Vaccine Cuts Cancer Risk Nearly in Half for Males: Landmark Study Supports Sex-Neutral Immunization
A large-scale retrospective cohort study demonstrates that 9-valent HPV vaccination in males aged 9-26 years is associated with a 46% reduction in HPV-related cancer risk. The findings support sex-neutral HPV vaccination strategies and high
WBC SPECT/CT Outperforms MRI in Early Detection of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis, Study Finds
A prospective study of 47 patients reveals that white blood cell SPECT/CT demonstrates superior sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional MRI for initial diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis. While both modalities perform equ
Why Hepatitis E Remains a Silent Threat in Transplant Recipients: Key Insights from Two Decades of Data
A 20-year retrospective study of 6,452 solid organ transplant patients reveals hepatitis E infection rates of 3.5%, with chronicity rates exceeding 65%. The findings highlight the critical importance of HEV screening and the effectiveness o
Fluvoxamine Shows Promise for Treating Long COVID Fatigue: Results from Adaptive Randomized Trial
A randomized trial of 399 adults with long COVID fatigue found that fluvoxamine significantly reduced fatigue severity at 60 and 90 days compared to placebo, while metformin showed no benefit. The study represents a potential breakthrough i
Hidden Triggers: Recent Infections Linked to a 2.6-Fold Increase in Cryptogenic Stroke Risk in Young Adults
The SECRETO study reveals that infections within the preceding week significantly increase the risk of cryptogenic ischemic stroke in patients aged 18–49, with elevated von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII levels serving as critical biomar
Tuberculosis Post-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Low-Incidence Settings: Risk Factors, Clinical Trajectories, and Screening Mandates
This review analyzes a decade-long nationwide study on TB after Allo-HSCT in France, revealing a 60/100,000 incidence rate, high extrapulmonary involvement, and the critical need for screening patients from high-incidence regions.
Distinct Biological Pathways Drive Restrictive and Obstructive Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease: Insights from a Kenyan Cohort
A prospective Kenyan cohort study identifies that post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) affects 50% of survivors, driven by divergent transcriptomic signatures: early pro-fibrotic inflammation in restrictive phenotypes and persistent interf
Predicting Post-Discharge Survival: The Long-term Pneumonia Mortality Index (L-PMI) Sets a New Standard for CAP Prognosis
Researchers have developed and validated the Long-term Pneumonia Mortality Index (L-PMI), a clinical tool that accurately predicts mortality up to one year following hospital discharge for community-acquired pneumonia, including COVID-19 ca
Recent Infections Act as a Transient Trigger for Cryptogenic Stroke in Young Adults via Thromboinflammatory Pathways
The SECRETO study demonstrates that infections within the preceding week increase the odds of cryptogenic ischemic stroke by 2.6-fold in young adults, primarily driven by transient increases in von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII levels.
Tuberculosis Post-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Insights from a Decade-Long Nationwide Study in a Low-Incidence Setting
This nationwide retrospective study in France highlights the rare but severe incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Allo-HSCT recipients, identifying birth in high-prevalence countries as a primary risk factor and emphasizing the need for target
Metformin and Ursodeoxycholic Acid Fail to Improve Post-COVID Recovery: Insights from a Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized clinical trial indicates that neither metformin nor ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) significantly improves recovery from postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) compared to placebo, highlighting the ongoing challenge of finding eff
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