Diabetes & Endocrinology
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Higher PFAS Exposure During Pregnancy Was Not Linked to Increased Gestational Diabetes in the ECHO Cohort
In a pooled U.S. pregnancy cohort, maternal PFAS concentrations were not associated with a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes, and fasting glucose findings were largely null.
甲状腺功能随年龄变化的自然历程：一项涵盖31项前瞻性队列研究的13.7万参与者个体数据分析
大规模国际研究发现甲状腺功能随年龄变化存在性别和碘状态差异。虽然多数人甲状腺功能稳定且TSH轻微升高，但任何变化模式均与全因死亡风险增加1.8-2.5倍相关，这对老年甲状腺健康管理具有重要临床意义。
Semaglutide Reduced Effort Discounting and Improved Motivation Signals in Major Depressive Disorder
In a 16-week randomized trial, adjunctive oral semaglutide improved effort-based decision-making in adults with major depressive disorder and overweight or obesity, suggesting a potential role for GLP-1 receptor agonism in reward-related dy
ACR TI-RADS Reduced Repeat Thyroid Ultrasound but Did Not Lower Biopsy or Surgery Rates in Real-World Practice
In a large single-center retrospective study, ACR TI-RADS implementation decreased follow-up thyroid ultrasound but did not reduce fine-needle aspiration, surgery, cancer yield, or overall costs.
Calcitonin Doubling Rate Sharpens Postoperative Recurrence Risk Stratification in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Biochemical Persistent Disease
In medullary thyroid carcinoma with biochemical persistent disease after surgery, an early postoperative calcitonin doubling rate of at least 0.3/year strongly identified patients at higher recurrence risk and may help tailor surveillance i
Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease Carries a Measurable Long-Term Dysglycemia Risk
A large multinational cohort study found that teprotumumab use in thyroid eye disease was associated with higher risks of prediabetes, diabetes, and antidiabetes medication initiation over 5 years.
Gut Microbiome Signatures May Help Explain Why Gestational Diabetes Raises Later Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Hispanic/Latina Women
In HCHS/SOL, prior gestational diabetes was linked to a proinflammatory gut microbiome, adverse metabolite patterns, and higher future type 2 diabetes risk, suggesting a plausible microbiome-mediated pathway after pregnancy.
Urinary Free Cortisol Thresholds Sharpen the Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing’s Syndrome
A Spanish multicenter validation study shows that urinary free cortisol expressed as multiples of the upper limit of normal can meaningfully stratify the likelihood of ectopic ACTH secretion versus Cushing’s disease.
Cost-Effectiveness of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Combined with Remote Patient Monitoring in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes
A landmark simulation study demonstrates that adding remote patient monitoring to continuous glucose monitoring in pediatric T1D patients significantly improves QALYs and is highly cost-effective compared to standard care.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Show Lower Heart Failure Risk Versus DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes
New research comparing diabetes medications reveals GLP-1 receptor agonists lower heart failure hospitalization risk compared to DPP-4 inhibitors, while showing similar risk to SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients.
Oral Glucose Absorption Enhanced in Early Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
New research reveals accelerated glucose absorption in early MASLD patients, independent of gastric emptying. This metabolic alteration may drive liver disease progression before hepatic insulin resistance develops.
Early MASLD Is Associated With Enhanced Oral Glucose Absorption Independent of Gastric Emptying
Stable-isotope OGTT data suggest that early MASLD is linked to higher oral glucose absorption, independent of gastric emptying, with preserved hepatic insulin suppression but impaired peripheral glucose clearance.
Microplastics in Human Thyroid: A Potential Trigger for Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Microplastics detected in thyroid tissues show higher concentrations in autoimmune thyroiditis patients, suggesting a potential environmental link to thyroid autoimmunity.
Ethnicity, Migration, and Mental Health: Independent Risk Factors Persist in Type 2 Diabetes Disparities
A cohort study reveals persistent ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes risk, with migration status and mental health conditions as independent contributors, highlighting unmet needs in addressing structural determinants of health inequalit
AI-Driven Insights into Incidental Thyroid Findings: Prevalence, Clinical Impact, and the Overdiagnosis Dilemma
A retrospective cohort study using AI to analyze radiology reports reveals high prevalence of incidental thyroid findings, strong association with diagnostic cascades, and potential overdiagnosis of low-risk thyroid cancers.
Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity: A Promising Strategy for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention
Brief, intermittent bouts of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity during daily routines may significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in adults who do not engage in leisure-time exercise.
Real-Time CGM Outperforms SMBG in Glycemic Control for Type 2 Diabetes on Basal Insulin Plus Modern Therapies
The FreeDM2 trial demonstrates that real-time CGM significantly improves HbA1c levels compared to SMBG in adults with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin and modern therapies, with sustained benefits over 32 weeks.
Prolonged TSH Suppression in Postmenopausal Thyroid Cancer Patients Linked to Worse Cardiovascular and Quality-of-Life Outcomes
Study finds long-term TSH suppression in postmenopausal women with thyroid cancer correlates with poorer cardiovascular health, reduced quality of life, and increased osteoporosis risk compared to controls.
Exercise Snacks Improve Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Randomized Crossover Study
A study demonstrates that short bursts of vigorous bodyweight exercise reduce postprandial hyperglycemia and glycemic variability in individuals with type 2 diabetes, offering a practical intervention for glucose management.
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