General Surgery
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Impact of Early Extracranial Surgery on One-Year Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights from the TRACK-TBI Study
Early extracranial surgery following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury or positive CT findings is linked to worse cognitive, functional, and quality of life outcomes at one year, highlighting the need to refine surgical timing and post
Medicare Advantage and Cancer Surgery Outcomes: Are Patients Being Routed Away from High-Quality Hospitals?
This retrospective national cohort study reveals that Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees undergoing major cancer surgery are less likely to receive care at high-quality hospitals compared to traditional Medicare beneficiaries, raising concer
Thoracoscopic versus Open Oesophagectomy for Thoracic Oesophageal Cancer: Insights from the JCOG1409 MONET Trial
The JCOG1409 MONET phase 3 trial establishes that thoracoscopic oesophagectomy is non-inferior to open oesophagectomy in overall survival for resectable thoracic oesophageal cancer, with comparable safety profiles and postoperative outcomes
Long-Term Comparative Outcomes of Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from a Swedish Matched Cohort Study
A Swedish nationwide study reveals Roux-en-Y gastric bypass yields superior long-term benefits in type 2 diabetes remission and reduced mortality compared to sleeve gastrectomy, despite higher risks of nutritional deficiencies and psychiatr
Evaluating the Impact of a Perioperative Care Bundle on Surgical Site Infection Prevention After Abdominal Surgery: Insights from the EPO2CH Trial
This comprehensive review explores the EPO2CH trial, which assessed a multi-component care bundle’s effectiveness in reducing surgical site infections after abdominal surgery, highlighting key findings, limitations, and clinical implication
Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX versus Gemcitabine-Based Chemoradiotherapy in Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: Insights from the PREOPANC-2 Phase 3 Trial
The PREOPANC-2 trial compared neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, finding no significant overall survival difference between the two regimens.
Optimizing Mesh Weight to Reduce Recurrence Reoperations in Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair
A Danish cohort study identifies that using mesh weighing 45-65 g/m² in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair results in the lowest reoperation rate for recurrence, guiding surgical mesh selection for better patient outcomes.
Proactive Versus Reactive Intraoperative Blood Pressure Management: Insights from the PRETREAT Randomized Clinical Trial
The PRETREAT trial found that proactive blood pressure management tailored by risk of intraoperative hypotension does not reduce postoperative functional disability compared to standard care in noncardiac surgery.
Duct-to-Mucosa versus Other Pancreaticojejunostomy Techniques for Preventing Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: Updated Evidence and Clinical Insights
This Cochrane review update evaluates duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy compared to other anastomotic techniques following pancreaticoduodenectomy for preventing postoperative pancreatic fistula, finding very low-certainty evidence and
Da Vinci-Assisted vs Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication for GERD: A Critical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Four RCTs comparing robotic and laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for GERD show equivalent patient outcomes but longer operative times and higher costs with robotics, questioning its routine use.
Prophylactic Synthetic Mesh at Stoma Reversal Significantly Reduces Incisional Hernia Risk: A Paradigm Shift in Surgical Practice
A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that placing synthetic mesh during stoma reversal virtually eliminates stomal site incisional hernias and improves hernia-related quality of life without increasing complications.
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Conventional Laparoscopic vs Robot-Assisted Abdominal Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Implications
This review synthesizes evidence comparing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) between robot-assisted surgery (RAS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in abdominal procedures, highlighting the pivotal role of ventilation d
Harnessing Pragmatic Clinical Trial Designs to Advance Surgical Research
Pragmatic clinical trials offer innovative solutions to overcome unique challenges in surgical research, enhancing evidence quality and applicability by integrating flexible, routine-care-based trial designs and leveraging real-world data.
Prehabilitation in Sarcopenic Patients Undergoing Major Hepatectomy: Evidence from the PREHEP Trial
A 6-week multimodal prehabilitation program combining exercise and nutrition significantly reduces postoperative morbidity in sarcopenic patients undergoing major liver resection, highlighting a promising strategy to improve surgical outcom
Patterns and Predictors of GLP-1 Agonist Use After Bariatric Surgery in US Adults
A large US cohort study reveals that 14% of bariatric surgery patients start GLP-1 receptor agonists postoperatively, with higher use seen among women, sleeve gastrectomy recipients, and those with greater BMI regain.
Assessing the Long-Term Risk of Mesh Removal Due to Infection After Elective Ventral Hernia Repair
A decade-long Medicare study shows low overall risk of mesh removal from infection after open ventral hernia repair, with a slightly higher risk in patients experiencing early wound complications.
Biological vs Synthetic Mesh in Laparoendoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: Insights from the BIOLAP Randomized Clinical Trial
The BIOLAP trial demonstrates that biological meshes do not reduce postoperative pain in laparoendoscopic inguinal hernia repair and are associated with higher recurrence and seroma rates compared to synthetic meshes, underscoring synthetic
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Left-Sided Pancreatic Cancer: Long-Term Safety Confirmed by DIPLOMA Trial
The DIPLOMA trial demonstrates that minimally invasive left pancreatectomy for resectable pancreatic cancer offers comparable long-term survival outcomes to open surgery, validating its oncologic safety and supporting its use in clinical pr
Defining Cure in Stage II-III Colon Cancer: Insights from a Pooled Analysis of 15 Randomized Trials
A rigorous pooled analysis of over 35,000 patients identifies a recurrence risk below 0.5% at 6 years post-surgery, providing a practical benchmark for defining cure in stage II-III colon cancer and refining patient management strategies.
Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics, β-Lactam Allergy, and Surgical Site Infections: Implications for Prophylaxis and Stewardship
This study evaluates how reported β-lactam allergy and choice of prophylactic antibiotics impact surgical site infection rates, revealing non-β-lactam use increases SSI risk while allergy alone does not independently predict infections.
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