General Surgery
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Beyond Nodal Status: A New Risk Score Predicts Recurrence in Lymph Node-Negative Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
A multi-center study in JAMA Surgery introduces a validated 13-point risk score to identify recurrence risk in LN-negative PanNET patients, revealing that tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion are critical prognostic drivers even w
Preoperative Total Diet Replacement Safely Reduces Morbidity Risk and Preserves Muscle Mass in Colorectal Cancer Surgery
The CARE feasibility trial demonstrates that a preoperative low-energy total diet replacement program is safe and effective for colorectal cancer patients with excess weight. Significant weight loss was achieved without compromising lean mu
Combined Gastric Electrical Stimulation and Pyloroplasty Achieve Superior Symptom Relief in Refractory Gastroparesis
A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that combining gastric electrical stimulation with pyloroplasty significantly outperforms pyloroplasty alone, providing superior symptom relief and reducing hospitalizations for patients with medicat
Breast Surgery in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Local Control Without Survival Benefit
Randomised trials show breast surgery improves local disease control but not overall survival in de novo metastatic breast cancer.
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate versus Frozen Plasma for Coagulopathic Bleeding in Cardiac Surgery: Evidence Synthesis from the FARES-II Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial and Related Studies
This review synthesizes evidence demonstrating that 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) offers superior hemostatic efficacy and safety compared to frozen plasma in managing coagulopathic bleeding during cardiac surgery, suppor
Cryopreserved Versus Liquid-Stored Platelets in Surgical Bleeding: Insights from the CLIP-II Randomized Noninferiority Trial
The CLIP-II trial evaluated dimethyl sulfoxide-cryopreserved platelets with extended shelf-life against conventional liquid-stored platelets in cardiac surgery bleeding, finding noninferiority was not established and cryopreserved platelets
Home-Based Prehabilitation Did Not Reduce Disability or Complications in Older Adults with Frailty: Results of a Pragmatic Multicenter RCT
A pragmatic multicenter randomized trial found that coach-supported, home-based multimodal prehabilitation before elective noncardiac surgery did not reduce 30-day postoperative disability or in-hospital complications in older adults with f
Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy Is Noninferior to Open Surgery for 90‑Day Complications but Raises Important Safety and Generalizability Questions
An international randomized trial found minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (mostly robotic) noninferior to open surgery for 90‑day overall complications and modestly faster functional recovery, with lower fistula and wound‑infection r
A 30-Day Mortality Risk Score After Proctectomy for Rectal Cancer: What the NCDB Tells Us and How to Use It
A validated NCDB-derived risk score using age, sex, race, comorbidity, stage, neoadjuvant therapy, length of stay and conversion identifies patients at markedly different 30-day mortality risk after proctectomy (0.8%–4.5%).
International Reference Values for Total Pancreatectomy Show Higher Perioperative Risk Than Pancreatoduodenectomy — Practical Benchmarks for Quality Control
This multicenter study defines international perioperative reference values for total pancreatectomy (TP). Even low‑risk TP carries higher morbidity and mortality than pancreatoduodenectomy; outcomes worsen with vascular resection or conver
Preoperative CT Was Missing in 15% of Balloon Sinus Dilations — Medicare Claims Reveal a Clinically Significant Practice Gap
A Medicare claims study of 19,692 balloon sinus dilations found 15% lacked a CT within one year; 31.8% of otolaryngologists were outliers, with a small group accounting for most missed imaging, highlighting gaps in adherence to preoperative
Personalized Prehabilitation Before Major Surgery Modulates the Immune System and Lowers Complications: Translating Fitness Into an ‘Immunome’ Signal
A randomized trial found personalized, remotely coached prehabilitation improved preoperative physical and cognitive function, produced distinct immunologic dampening of inflammatory signaling, and reduced moderate-to-severe postoperative c
Preoperative HbA1c Identifies Hidden Risk: Dysglycemia Predicts Worse 30‑Day Outcomes After General Surgery
A large multicenter cohort shows that both diagnosed and previously unrecognized diabetes (by HbA1c) are common in general surgery patients and independently linked to higher 30‑day complications, readmissions, and mortality—supporting rout
Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy Is Comparable to Open Surgery for Clinical T4a Gastric Cancer in Short-Term Outcomes: Results from the UMC‑UPPERGI‑01 RCT
The UMC‑UPPERGI‑01 randomized trial (n=208) found laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy had similar 30‑day morbidity and mortality to open surgery for clinical T4a gastric cancer, despite longer operative times and modestl
Perioperative Pembrolizumab + Trastuzumab with FLOT Achieves High pCR and Feasible Safety in HER2‑Positive Localized Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Interim PHERFLOT Results
Interim results from the phase 2 PHERFLOT trial show a 48.4% pathological complete response and a 67.7% major pathologic response after four cycles of pembrolizumab, trastuzumab and FLOT in localized HER2‑positive esophagogastric adenocarci
Liberal vs Restrictive Postoperative Transfusion in High-Cardiac-Risk Surgery: TOP Trial Shows No Mortality or Major Ischemic Benefit
In high–cardiac-risk veterans after major vascular or general surgery, a liberal postoperative transfusion threshold (Hb
Electroacupuncture Shortens Postoperative Ileus After Laparoscopic Gastrectomy: Translating a Multicenter RCT into Clinical Practice
A multicenter randomized trial shows electroacupuncture (EA) reduces time to first flatus and defecation and lowers prolonged POI after laparoscopic gastrectomy. Mechanistic plausibility, ERAS integration, and implementation challenges are
Endoscopic Ultrasound–Guided Gastroenterostomy Outperforms Surgical Gastrojejunostomy for Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: randomized trial shows faster recovery, shorter stay and lower costs
A multicentre randomized trial found EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) superior to surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) for malignant gastric outlet obstruction—improving oral intake, shortening hospital stay, enhancing quality of life and
EUS-Guided Gastroenterostomy Beats Surgical Gastrojejunostomy for Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Randomised Trial Shows Faster Diet, Shorter Stay and Lower Costs
A multicentre randomized trial (NCT05548114) found endoscopic ultrasound‑guided gastroenterostomy (EUS‑GE) superior to surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) for malignant gastric outlet obstruction, with faster return to solid diet, shorter hosp
Pathogen-Reduced Red Blood Cells Are Safe in Cardiac Surgery: ReCePI Phase 3 Shows Noninferior AKI Rates
The ReCePI randomized phase 3 trial found that amustaline/glutathione pathogen-reduced red blood cells produced similar rates of acute kidney injury compared with conventional transfusion after cardiac or thoracic-aorta surgery, with few tr
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