General Surgery
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Personalized Prehabilitation Before Major Surgery Modulates the Immune System and Lowers Complications: Translating Fitness Into an ‘Immunome’ Signal
A randomized trial found personalized, remotely coached prehabilitation improved preoperative physical and cognitive function, produced distinct immunologic dampening of inflammatory signaling, and reduced moderate-to-severe postoperative c
Preoperative HbA1c Identifies Hidden Risk: Dysglycemia Predicts Worse 30‑Day Outcomes After General Surgery
A large multicenter cohort shows that both diagnosed and previously unrecognized diabetes (by HbA1c) are common in general surgery patients and independently linked to higher 30‑day complications, readmissions, and mortality—supporting rout
Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy Is Comparable to Open Surgery for Clinical T4a Gastric Cancer in Short-Term Outcomes: Results from the UMC‑UPPERGI‑01 RCT
The UMC‑UPPERGI‑01 randomized trial (n=208) found laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy had similar 30‑day morbidity and mortality to open surgery for clinical T4a gastric cancer, despite longer operative times and modestl
Perioperative Pembrolizumab + Trastuzumab with FLOT Achieves High pCR and Feasible Safety in HER2‑Positive Localized Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: Interim PHERFLOT Results
Interim results from the phase 2 PHERFLOT trial show a 48.4% pathological complete response and a 67.7% major pathologic response after four cycles of pembrolizumab, trastuzumab and FLOT in localized HER2‑positive esophagogastric adenocarci
Liberal vs Restrictive Postoperative Transfusion in High-Cardiac-Risk Surgery: TOP Trial Shows No Mortality or Major Ischemic Benefit
In high–cardiac-risk veterans after major vascular or general surgery, a liberal postoperative transfusion threshold (Hb
Electroacupuncture Shortens Postoperative Ileus After Laparoscopic Gastrectomy: Translating a Multicenter RCT into Clinical Practice
A multicenter randomized trial shows electroacupuncture (EA) reduces time to first flatus and defecation and lowers prolonged POI after laparoscopic gastrectomy. Mechanistic plausibility, ERAS integration, and implementation challenges are
Endoscopic Ultrasound–Guided Gastroenterostomy Outperforms Surgical Gastrojejunostomy for Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: randomized trial shows faster recovery, shorter stay and lower costs
A multicentre randomized trial found EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) superior to surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) for malignant gastric outlet obstruction—improving oral intake, shortening hospital stay, enhancing quality of life and
EUS-Guided Gastroenterostomy Beats Surgical Gastrojejunostomy for Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Randomised Trial Shows Faster Diet, Shorter Stay and Lower Costs
A multicentre randomized trial (NCT05548114) found endoscopic ultrasound‑guided gastroenterostomy (EUS‑GE) superior to surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) for malignant gastric outlet obstruction, with faster return to solid diet, shorter hosp
Pathogen-Reduced Red Blood Cells Are Safe in Cardiac Surgery: ReCePI Phase 3 Shows Noninferior AKI Rates
The ReCePI randomized phase 3 trial found that amustaline/glutathione pathogen-reduced red blood cells produced similar rates of acute kidney injury compared with conventional transfusion after cardiac or thoracic-aorta surgery, with few tr
Expanding Donor Pools: Outcomes of Liver Transplantation Using Grafts from Medical Assistance in Dying Donors in Canada
This Canadian multicenter study evaluates liver transplant outcomes using grafts from donation after medical assistance in dying donors, showing comparable survival and complication rates to standard donors and increasing transplant activit
Breaking New Ground: The First Genetically Engineered Pig-to-Human Liver Xenotransplantation
This landmark study reports the first successful genetically engineered pig auxiliary liver transplanted into a living human, revealing critical insights on immunological compatibility and post-transplant complications, advancing liver xeno
Postoperative Vasopressor Use After Noncardiac Surgery: Patterns, Outcomes, and Clinical Implications from a Global Observational Study
An international study reveals that postoperative vasopressor infusions after noncardiac surgery vary widely across hospitals and are linked to higher mortality and complications, highlighting the need for optimized management strategies.
Simultaneous Liver Transplant and Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Dual Approach to Combat Obesity and MASLD with Durable Outcomes
Combining liver transplant with sleeve gastrectomy yields sustained weight loss, improved metabolic syndrome, and reduced liver allograft steatosis, without increasing mortality or graft loss, offering an effective treatment for obese patie
Bariatric Surgery Significantly Reduces Risk of Developing Major Obesity-Related Comorbidities: Insights from a Large Veterans Cohort
A large retrospective cohort study reveals bariatric surgery markedly lowers the incidence of key metabolic comorbidities compared to weight management alone in obese veterans, supporting its role in durable obesity-related risk reduction.
Harnessing Digital Health: Efficacy of Virtual Reality and Interactive Tools in Reducing Pediatric Perioperative Anxiety and Pain
This network meta-analysis of 49 RCTs demonstrates that digital health interventions, notably virtual reality, 2D videos, and 2D games, significantly reduce perioperative anxiety and pain and improve induction compliance in pediatric surgic
Refining Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Decisions in Melanoma: Insights from the MERLIN_001 Gene Expression Profiling Study
The MERLIN_001 study validates a combined clinicopathological and gene expression profile test that accurately predicts sentinel lymph node metastasis risk in patients with cutaneous melanoma, potentially guiding safer, more personalized su
Advancing Sustainability in Gynecologic Surgery: 12 Practical Steps to Reduce Environmental Impact
This article reviews 12 evidence-backed strategies to enhance sustainability in gynecologic surgery by minimizing single-use disposables and reducing carbon emissions in the operating room.
Xenotransplantation: Bridging the Gap in Liver Transplantation with Genetically Modified Pig Organs
Recent advances in genetically modified pig-to-human organ transplantation offer promising solutions for acute liver failure, bridging critical gaps in organ availability and raising important ethical and regulatory considerations.
Evaluating Fentanyl Use in Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception Reduction: Implications for Pain Management and Success Rates
A large multicenter study finds no association between fentanyl administration and failed reduction of pediatric ileocolic intussusception, supporting its safe use for analgesia during the painful reduction procedure.
Enhancing Surgical Patient Safety: Impact of the SIPS Handover System on Clinical Outcomes
The SIPS surgical handover system significantly improves handover quality, patient vital signs, and staff safety perceptions without prolonging meeting times, enhancing safety in emergency general surgery.
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