Psychiatry
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The Limits of Collaborative Care: Why the CLARO Trial Found No Added Benefit for OUD and Comorbid Mental Illness
The CLARO randomized clinical trial investigated whether a collaborative care model could improve outcomes for patients with opioid use disorder and co-occurring depression or PTSD. The study found no statistically significant advantages ov
Low-Dose Amitriptyline vs. CBT-I for Comorbid Insomnia: Statistical Non-Inferiority Meets Clinical Reality
A multicenter trial finds low-dose amitriptyline non-inferior to CBT-I for comorbid insomnia based on a liberal margin. However, CBT-I yielded superior clinical response rates and fewer side effects, reinforcing its status as the gold-stand
Tai Chi as a Long-term Alternative to CBT-I for Chronic Insomnia in Older Adults: A Randomized Non-inferiority Trial
A randomized trial comparing Tai Chi and CBT-I in adults over 50 found that while CBT-I offers faster relief, Tai Chi achieves non-inferior results at 12 months post-intervention, suggesting it is a viable long-term strategy for insomnia ma
Lifespan Management of ADHD: Landmark Umbrella Review Identifies Optimal Interventions and Critical Evidence Gaps
A comprehensive BMJ umbrella review synthesizes evidence for ADHD interventions across the lifespan, confirming the efficacy of stimulants and non-stimulants in the short term while revealing a critical lack of high-certainty long-term data
School-Based Digital Interventions Show Promise in Reducing Adolescent Anxiety
A cluster-randomized trial of the ‘OurFutures Mental Health’ program demonstrates significant short-term reductions in anxiety symptoms among Year 8 and 9 students, highlighting the potential for scalable, digital, trauma-informed school in
Can Sertraline Reduce Repeat Violent Offenses? Insights from a Major Clinical Trial
A large, rigorous study found that sertraline, an antidepressant, does not significantly lower the risk of repeated violent crimes among impulsive offenders.
Unlocking the Sleeper Effect: Can Mechanism-Based Psychological Interventions Transform IBS and UC Outcomes?
The SOMA.GUT-RCT investigated a targeted psychological intervention for IBS and UC. While the primary 3-month endpoint showed no significant symptom reduction compared to standard care, exploratory data revealed significant psychological im
Delusional ICU Memories: The Hidden Driver of Long-Term Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
This multicenter longitudinal study reveals that delusional memories, rather than simple amnesia, are the primary predictors of persistent PTSD symptoms following critical illness, highlighting the critical roles of delirium and sedation in
Benzodiazepine Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: New Evidence from a Large-Scale Target Trial Emulation
A large-scale cohort study emulating randomized trials indicates that benzodiazepine use during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of abortion and preterm birth, even after accounting for competing risks and maternal factors. Risks
Antiviral Therapy Fails to Slow Alzheimer’s: The VALAD Trial Reveals Unexpected Cognitive Worsening with Valacyclovir
The VALAD randomized clinical trial found that valacyclovir did not improve outcomes in patients with early symptomatic Alzheimer’s and HSV seropositivity. Instead, patients receiving the antiviral showed significantly greater cognitive dec
Tailored Weight Loss Interventions in Serious Mental Illness: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence and Clinical Implications
This review synthesizes evidence on tailored weight loss programs for adults with serious mental illness, highlighting recent advances, effectiveness, mechanistic insights, and future directions.
Tailored Weight Loss Interventions for Veterans with Serious Mental Illness: Efficacy and Implementation Insights from Recent RCT Evidence
This review synthesizes evidence from a 2025 randomized clinical trial evaluating a tailored weight loss program, CoachToFit, for veterans with serious mental illness, highlighting its potential to improve weight outcomes via remote support
Mapping the Neuro-Immune Divide: Distinct Brain-Blood Signatures Distinguish Early Depression from Psychosis
A large-scale multicenter study identifies unique multivariate patterns of peripheral inflammation and brain structure that differentiate early-stage depression and psychosis, highlighting the influence of childhood trauma and cognitive per
First-Trimester Z-Drug Exposure Does Not Increase Overall Risk of Congenital Malformations
A large-scale US cohort study of over 4.2 million pregnancies found no significant association between first-trimester Z-drug exposure—primarily zolpidem—and major congenital malformations, providing clinical reassurance for managing severe
Processing Speed as a Core Endophenotype: New Evidence from a 115-Study Meta-Analysis in Schizophrenia
A comprehensive meta-analysis involving over 10,000 patients reveals that processing speed impairment is a profound and central deficit in schizophrenia, showing an effect size of -1.52 and playing a critical role in overall cognitive dysfu
Individualized Feedback Letters Fail to Reduce Long-Term Alcohol Consumption: Insights from a 4-Year RCT
A 4-year randomized controlled trial found that computer-generated feedback letters failed to reduce alcohol consumption in the general population. Unexpectedly, the control group showed greater reduction at 48 months, suggesting that curre
Rule-Based Chatbots Outperform LLMs in Depressive Symptom Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A comprehensive meta-analysis indicates that rule-based chatbots provide a modest but statistically significant reduction in depressive symptoms within a 4-8 week window, whereas evidence for the clinical efficacy of Large Language Model (L
Scalable Solutions for Sleep: Converging Evidence from a Nationwide RCT and Meta-Analysis Validates Digital CBT-I
This article analyzes a nationwide decentralized RCT and a systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), highlighting its role as a scalable, evidence-based first-line treatm
Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Evidence, Impact, and Future Directions
Recent robust randomized trials demonstrate that smartphone-delivered digital cognitive behavioral therapy provides significant, sustained improvements in generalized anxiety disorder, overcoming key access barriers and highlighting its pot
Optimizing Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: When Does 300 mg Outperform 100 mg of Extended-Release Buprenorphine?
This randomized clinical trial compares 100-mg and 300-mg maintenance doses of extended-release buprenorphine. While overall efficacy was similar, the 300-mg dose significantly improved abstinence among patients with high-frequency fentanyl
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