Pediatrics
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Micronutrient Supplementation Modulates Gut Microbiome in Children with ADHD: Insights from the MADDY Study
The MADDY study reveals that micronutrient supplementation in children with ADHD alters gut microbial diversity and composition, notably increasing beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, potentially underpinning improved behavioral outcome
Varenicline Significantly Enhances Nicotine Vaping Cessation in Youth: Insights from a Landmark Randomized Clinical Trial
A randomized clinical trial demonstrates that varenicline, combined with behavioral counseling, markedly improves nicotine vaping cessation rates in youth aged 16-25 who vape daily and do not regularly smoke tobacco.
Does Increasing Cigarette Use Stabilize Mood? Insights from a 6-Year Real-Time Adolescent Study
Longitudinal observational data reveal that as adolescents increase cigarette use, their immediate post-smoking mood stabilizes, with boys showing stabilization in background mood as well.
Harnessing Mobile Health to Improve ADHD Symptoms and Executive Functions in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Tailored Exercise Rehabilitation
A tailored, app-supported exercise program delivered via mobile health significantly improves core ADHD symptoms and executive functions in children, demonstrating comparable effectiveness to traditional face-to-face exercise guidance.
Impact of BMI and Physical Activity on Subsequent Neoplasm Risk in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Insights from the CCSS Cohort
Obesity increases, while higher physical activity decreases, risk of subsequent neoplasms among childhood cancer survivors, highlighting lifestyle intervention potential for cancer prevention.
Maternal Bivalent Prefusion F RSV Vaccine Significantly Reduces Infant Hospitalisation in UK: Real-World Evidence from a Multicentre Study
A UK-wide multicentre study shows maternal bivalent RSV prefusion F vaccination reduces infant hospitalisation for RSV-associated ALRI by up to 72%, confirming real-world effectiveness matching clinical trials.
Adjunct-to-Insulin Therapy Using SGLT2 Inhibitors in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: Clinical Impact and Renal Outcomes
SGLT2 inhibitors adjunct to insulin improve glycemic control, reduce hyperfiltration, and are generally safe in youth with type 1 diabetes under careful ketone monitoring and DKA risk mitigation.
Diverging Pediatric Recommendations on COVID-19 Vaccination: The AAP Advocates Routine Immunization for Young Children Amid Federal Policy Shift
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends COVID-19 vaccination for all young children aged 6-23 months, diverging from current CDC policies that advise shared decision-making for healthy children. This review analyzes epidemiologic data
Prenatal Exposure to Chlorpyrifos and Its Long-Term Impact on Brain Development and Motor Function in Children: Evidence from Imaging and Cohort Studies
Elevated prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure is linked to widespread brain structural abnormalities, reduced neuronal density, and impaired motor functions in children, underscoring the need for exposure minimization during pregnancy.
Exploring Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Efficacy, Safety, and Future Directions
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promise in improving gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but further rigorous trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and optimize protocol
Childhood Verbal and Physical Abuse Harm Adult Mental Health
Research shows childhood abuse significantly increases the risk of poor adult mental health, with lasting impacts from physical and verbal abuse.
Bridging Pediatric and Adult HIV Care: Evaluating Outcomes and Perspectives from a Novel Transition Clinic for Young People Living with HIV
This mixed-methods study assesses a novel Adolescent and Young Adult Healthcare Transition (AYA HCT) clinic that achieved high retention but suboptimal viral suppression among youth with HIV, highlighting key strengths and barriers.
Parents’ Workplace Chemical Exposure May Relate to Behavioral and Developmental Challenges in Children with Autism
A study links parental workplace exposure to certain chemicals with greater autism severity and functional challenges in children; findings highlight occupational safety and further research needs without proving causation.
Ureteroscopy vs Shockwave Lithotripsy in Children and Adolescents: A Large Multicenter Nonrandomized Trial Challenges Current Practice
In 1,142 patients aged 8–21, a nonrandomized multicenter trial found no clinically meaningful difference in 6-week sonographic stone clearance between ureteroscopy and shockwave lithotripsy; SWL was associated with less pain and fewer misse
Ketogenic Diet vs Further Antiseizure Medication in Infants with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: What the KIWE Trial Adds to Clinical Practice
The KIWE randomised trial (Lancet Neurol 2023) found no superiority of a classic ketogenic diet over an additional antiseizure medication for seizure frequency in infants (1–24 months) with drug‑resistant epilepsy; tolerability and safety p
Unraveling the Gut-Brain Axis: Microbiota and Metabolite Shifts Predict Seizure Reduction in Children on the Ketogenic Diet
Serum metabolome and gut microbiota changes during ketogenic diet therapy correlate with seizure reduction in drug-resistant pediatric epilepsy, implicating plasmalogens and specific gut microbes in anti-seizure effects.
Intrathecal Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Therapy Plus Education: A Promising Approach for Autism Spectrum Disorder?
A phase II trial finds that intrathecal autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy combined with education significantly improves core symptoms and adaptive behaviors in young children with ASD compared to education alone.
Global Insights into Childhood Bronchiectasis: The First Multinational Registry Study Reveals Striking Variations and Care Gaps
The first international paediatric bronchiectasis registry highlights significant regional differences in causes, management, and care quality, underscoring urgent needs for harmonized standards and improved multidisciplinary support.
Emergency Response for Children Allergic to Mosquito and Insect Bites
Children are prone to allergic reactions after mosquito or insect bites. This guide explains how to manage symptoms promptly and effectively to prevent complications.
Silent Damage: Blood Pressure and Subclinical Cardiovascular Injury in Adolescents—Insights from the SHIP AHOY Study
The SHIP AHOY Study demonstrates that even modest elevations in blood pressure during adolescence are linked to a greater burden of subclinical target organ injury, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention.
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