Pediatrics
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Darbepoetin in Preterm Infants: Enhancing Red Cell Mass without Neurodevelopmental Benefit
Weekly darbepoetin in extremely preterm infants increases red cell mass and reduces transfusion needs, but does not improve cognitive outcomes at 22-26 months’ corrected age.
Intensive Nurse Home Visiting and Early Childhood Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
A randomized trial assessing the impact of Nurse-Family Partnership home visits on child health and utilization over two years found no significant reduction in adverse outcomes but some decrease in emergency department use.
Paternal Perinatal Depression and Child Development: Unveiling an Overlooked Risk for the Next Generation
A systematic review and meta-analysis reveals that paternal perinatal depression, anxiety, and stress are associated with adverse developmental outcomes in children, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for fathers during the pe
Supplemental Donor Milk versus Infant Formula for Moderate to Late Preterm Infants: Implications from a Multisite Randomized Trial
A multisite RCT found no difference in time to full enteral feeds between donor human milk and formula in moderate to late preterm infants, but formula was associated with faster weight regain.
Peanut Intake in Infants Remains Low Despite Updated Allergy Prevention Guidelines
Despite recommendations for early allergen introduction, peanut intake among US infants remains low, with significant disparities by age and ethnicity. Tree nut and egg consumption trends also reveal notable demographic and temporal differe
Does Treating Older Siblings Enhance the Impact of Azithromycin on Infant Survival? Insights from a Cluster-Randomized Trial in Niger
Mass azithromycin administration to both infants and older children reduced infant mortality more than treating infants alone, with potential spillover benefits from treating older siblings.
Optimizing Daptomycin Use in Japanese Pediatric Patients: The Critical Roles of Dose and Renal Function
A multicenter study in Japan found that adequate daptomycin dosing significantly improves clinical outcomes in pediatric patients, while adverse events can occur regardless of renal function.
Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure Alters Neonatal Gut Microbiota in Preterm Infants: Clinical Implications for Infection Risk and Microbial Maturation
Perinatal antibiotic exposure in preterm infants disrupts gut microbiota composition, increasing pathogenic bacteria and reducing beneficial species, with implications for infection risk and the protective role of breastfeeding.
Disparities in Inpatient Antibiotic Use for Pediatric Pneumonia: Minority and Low-Opportunity Children at Higher Risk of Overtreatment
Minority children and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds receive significantly more and broader-spectrum antibiotics for pneumonia during hospitalization than non-Hispanic White counterparts, contrary to outpatient trends.
Understanding Early Puberty in Children: Causes, Risks, and Prevention
This article explores the causes, implications, and prevention strategies for early puberty in children, supported by clinical insights and expert recommendations.
Ibuprofen vs. Acetaminophen: Which Fever Reducer is Right for You?
Explore the differences, uses, and safety of ibuprofen and acetaminophen for managing fever effectively.
Oral Iptacopan Monotherapy in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria: 48-Week Outcomes from APPLY-PNH and APPOINT-PNH Phase 3 Trials
Oral iptacopan provides sustained haemolysis control and improved haemoglobin in PNH patients over 48 weeks, with a favorable safety profile, supporting its role as a new therapeutic option.
Impact of Maternal Pertussis Vaccination on Infant Immune Responses: Insights from the GaPS Trial in The Gambia
A phase 4 trial in The Gambia finds that maternal Tdap-IPV vaccination is safe and provides early infant protection, but modestly blunts immune responses to whole-cell pertussis vaccines without compromising overall immunogenicity.
Prademagene Zamikeracel: A Breakthrough Gene Therapy for Chronic Wounds in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB)
A phase 3 trial demonstrates prademagene zamikeracel significantly accelerates healing and reduces pain in large, chronic RDEB wounds, offering a promising gene therapy with a favorable safety profile.
Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole in Pregnancy: No Impact on Birth Weight in a Zimbabwean RCT
A large randomized trial in Zimbabwe found that trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis during pregnancy did not significantly increase birth weight or reduce adverse outcomes.
Inhaled Isoflurane: A Noninferior Alternative to Midazolam for Pediatric ICU Sedation
A multicenter phase 3 trial finds inhaled isoflurane as effective as intravenous midazolam for sedation in mechanically ventilated children, with added benefits of reduced opioid use and faster extubation.
Sweetener Consumption and Genetic Predisposition: New Insights into Early Puberty Risk in Children
Sweetener intake, especially aspartame and sucralose, is linked to increased risk of early puberty in genetically predisposed children, with notable sex-specific differences
Aluminum-Adjuvanted Vaccines in Early Childhood and Risk of Chronic Autoimmune, Allergic, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from a Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
A comprehensive Danish cohort study finds no evidence linking early childhood aluminum-adsorbed vaccines to increased risks of autoimmune, allergic, or neurodevelopmental disorders, supporting vaccine safety.
FDA Approves Sephience: A New Oral Therapy for Phenylketonuria
The FDA has approved Sephience, an oral therapy for phenylketonuria (PKU), offering a novel treatment option for both children and adults with this rare metabolic disorder.
EMA Recommends First Oral On-Demand Therapy for Hereditary Angioedema: A Paradigm Shift in Acute Attack Management
EMA endorses sebetralstat, the first oral on-demand therapy for hereditary angioedema, following positive results from the KONFIDENT phase 3 trial, offering a more convenient and rapid treatment option for acute attacks.
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