Pediatrics
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Oral Manifestations of Lamellar Ichthyosis: A Case Report of Two Siblings
Two brothers with lamellar ichthyosis presented with enamel defects and dental caries; dental rehabilitation with preventive measures was completed alongside dermatologic care.
Mass Azithromycin Administration in Malian Infants Shows No Mortality Benefit: A Large-Scale Randomized Trial
A large randomized trial in Mali demonstrated that mass azithromycin administration to infants aged 1–11 months did not reduce mortality compared to placebo, challenging previous findings in sub-Saharan Africa.
DB-OTO Gene Therapy: A Breakthrough Treatment for OTOF-Related Inherited Deafness in Children
Regeneron’s DB-OTO gene therapy shows promising results in restoring natural hearing in children with profound hearing loss caused by OTOF gene mutations, with 75% achieving significant hearing improvement after a single treatment.
Baricitinib Shows Promising Results in Restoring Hair Growth in Adolescents with Severe Alopecia Areata: Phase 3 BRAVE-AA-PEDS Trial
The phase 3 BRAVE-AA-PEDS trial demonstrates that baricitinib, a JAK inhibitor, significantly restores scalp, eyebrow, and eyelash hair in adolescents with severe alopecia areata, achieving up to 80% hair regrowth in recent-onset cases afte
Silent Long-Term Harm: How Prenatal Lead Exposure Shapes Adult Mental Health
This article explores the link between prenatal and early postnatal lead exposure and adult anxiety and depression, emphasizing critical exposure windows and long-term mental health implications.
Eltrombopag in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Breakthrough in Early Treatment Strategy
This randomized trial demonstrates that eltrombopag significantly improves sustained platelet response in children with newly diagnosed ITP, offering a potential early intervention option.
Innovations in Atrial Septal Defect Closure: Comparing Bioresorbable and Metallic Occluders
This article reviews a landmark randomized trial demonstrating that bioresorbable occluders are noninferior to metallic ones in ASD closure, with implications for improved patient outcomes and device management.
Customized Protective Palatal Obturator Enhances Safe Intubation in Neonatal Cleft Lip Surgery: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial
A customized protective palatal obturator significantly reduces oral tissue injury during intubation in newborns undergoing cleft lip surgery, improving safety without prolonging intubation.
Impact of Outdoor Air Pollution and Traffic Noise on Allostatic Load in Children: Insights from Six European Cohorts
This study links childhood exposure to outdoor air pollution with increased allostatic load, reflecting multi-system physiological stress, whereas road traffic noise showed no significant effect.
Outpatient Versus Inpatient Care for Young Infants with Single Low-Risk PSBI Signs: Insights from a Multicentre Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
A randomized trial found outpatient treatment of young infants with a single low-mortality-risk sign of possible serious bacterial infection is non-inferior to inpatient care, with lower mortality rates and comparable safety.
Optimizing Antibiotic Duration in Young Infants with Possible Serious Bacterial Infection: A Landmark Multicountry RCT
This multicountry trial demonstrates that early switch from injectable to oral antibiotics with early discharge in young infants with moderate-risk serious bacterial infections is safe and effective, with potential to optimize healthcare re
Evaluating Fentanyl Use in Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception Reduction: Implications for Pain Management and Success Rates
A large multicenter study finds no association between fentanyl administration and failed reduction of pediatric ileocolic intussusception, supporting its safe use for analgesia during the painful reduction procedure.
Basophil Activation Test: A Superior Predictor for Allergic Reactions to Baked and Fresh Cow’s Milk in Children
The Basophil Activation Test offers the highest accuracy in predicting allergic reactions to baked and fresh cow’s milk during oral food challenges, reducing the need for riskier diagnostic tests in children with milk allergy.
Advancing Early Pediatric Sepsis Detection: Machine Learning Models Predicting Onset Within 48 Hours
This study developed and validated machine learning models with high accuracy to predict early pediatric sepsis and septic shock within 48 hours using multisite electronic health record data in emergency departments.
Everolimus and Low-Dose Tacrolimus Therapy After Pediatric Heart Transplant: Insights from a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
This randomized trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of everolimus combined with low-dose tacrolimus versus standard immunosuppression in children 6 months post-heart transplant, highlighting comparable rejection rates, improved kidney f
Pharmacological Treatments for Pediatric Functional Constipation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies for functional constipation in children, identifying polyethylene glycol as the preferred first-line treatment based on moderate-certain
Long-Term Sequelae in Survivors of High-Risk Neuroblastoma: Insights from the Children’s Oncology Group Study
This study reveals significant late effects in childhood neuroblastoma survivors, emphasizing the need for targeted long-term follow-up care based on treatment exposures.
Smoothing the Leap to Adult Care: EU‑CAYAS‑NET Recommendations for Transition of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survivors
EU‑CAYAS‑NET issues 44 strong, evidence‑based recommendations to standardize and improve transitions from paediatric to adult survivorship care for those diagnosed with cancer at 0–21 years, emphasizing planned transfer, risk‑based follow‑u
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