Pediatrics
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Early Cochlear Implantation Shows Variable but Clinically Relevant Benefits in Children with Single-Sided Deafness: A Western Australian 10‑Year Series
A retrospective 10‑year series from Perth Children’s Hospital reports heterogeneous long‑term outcomes after pediatric cochlear implantation for single‑sided deafness; earlier implantation (within 1 year) was associated with greater likelih
Gastrointestinal Burden in CHARGE Syndrome: High Prevalence of Constipation, Age-Related Patterns, and Quality‑of‑Life Impact
In a cohort of 50 individuals with CHARGE syndrome, GI problems affected 64% and constipation 48%, with constipation associated with lower PedsQL GI scores and greater comorbidity; younger patients had more diverse GI issues while older pat
DB-OTO Restores and Sustains Hearing in Otoferlin-Deficient Mice: A Hair-Cell–Targeted Dual-AAV Strategy Advances to Clinical Testing
DB-OTO, a hair-cell-specific dual-AAV gene therapy encoding full-length human otoferlin, achieved dose-dependent and sustained auditory restoration in OTOF-deficient mice, supporting an ongoing Phase I/II pediatric trial.
Common Youth Sports, Not Extra PE, Predict Lower-Extremity Apophysitis: Incidence, Duration, and Practical Implications
A 5.5-year prospective cohort found lower-extremity apophysitis common in schoolchildren (1265 episodes in 1670 children), median symptom duration 3–4 weeks, and higher risk with soccer, handball, basketball and jump gymnastics but not from
FAIR Consensus (2025): What Clinicians and Coaches Need to Know About Preventing Upper‑Extremity Injuries in Female Athletes
The FAIR systematic review and consensus synthesizes evidence on prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for upper‑extremity injury in female/woman/girl athletes, highlighting shoulder exercise programmes and key research gaps.
Is it safe to train children in soccer during the high temperatures of summer?
A case-crossover study of 51 boys (8–12 y) shows higher ear and skin temperatures during hot summer football training (≥25 °C), with no change in hydration by urine density and no severe heat illness noted. Findings highlight risk threshold
Understanding ‘Favism’: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Living with G6PD Deficiency
Favism, a hereditary enzyme deficiency causing red blood cell breakdown upon exposure to certain triggers like fava beans, is preventable with proper diagnosis and management. This article explores its clinical features, diagnosis, treatmen
Optimizing Blood Culture Use in Pediatric Infections: Insights from the ACORN2 Surveillance Network in Africa and Asia
This study identifies clinical and demographic factors associated with positive blood cultures in hospitalized children across nine African and Asian countries, aiming to improve diagnostic stewardship amidst resource constraints.
How Well Do Flu Vaccines Protect Kids? A 20-Year Look at Live and Inactivated Influenza Vaccines
This article reviews two types of flu vaccines for children—live attenuated and inactivated—over 20 years, demonstrating both provide meaningful protection and highlighting improvements that have enhanced their effectiveness.
Unveiling the Impact of Copy Number Variants on Child Psychopathology and Cognitive Development: Insights from the ABCD Study
This study elucidates how copy number variants (CNVs) contribute to variability in child psychopathology and cognitive function, highlighting specific CNV regions and aggregated genetic risk affecting attention and cognitive domains during
Reduced Threat-Related Neural Efficiency as a Biomarker for Pediatric Anxiety: Implications for Diagnosis and CBT Response
This study identifies reduced neural efficiency during threat processing as a biomarker in pediatric anxiety disorders, linked to diagnosis and poorer CBT outcomes, offering potential for patient stratification and novel intervention target
Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Childhood Infection Risk: Insights from a Large Retrospective Cohort Study
A large retrospective cohort study found no significant association between perinatal or early infant antibiotic exposure and subsequent hospitalization for infections in early childhood, providing reassurance about the cautious use of anti
Impact of Repealing Nonmedical Vaccine Exemptions on Kindergarten Immunization Rates in the US
State-level repeal of nonmedical vaccine exemptions significantly improves kindergarten vaccination rates across multiple vaccines, with minimal increase in medical exemptions, highlighting its role in sustaining herd immunity amid growing
Neurobiological Impact of Emotion-Focused Parenting Intervention in Adolescent Girls With Internalizing Symptoms: Insights From a Randomized Clinical Trial
An emotion-focused parenting intervention improves prefrontal cortex activation during emotion regulation in adolescent girls with internalizing symptoms, correlating with reductions in maternal unsupportive socialization and adolescent anx
Mapping the Future of US Pediatric Acute Care: Development of a National Atlas Based on Medicaid Data
A novel pediatric-specific atlas of US acute care regions was developed using Medicaid data, revealing distinct patterns in emergency and referral care and providing a foundation for targeted pediatric healthcare planning and quality improv
Unveiling Diverse Inflammatory Pathways in Residual Pediatric Asthma Exacerbations Under Mepolizumab Therapy
This study reveals multiple distinct molecular mechanisms, including epithelial and macrophage pathways, that contribute to residual asthma exacerbations in children treated with mepolizumab, highlighting the complexity of airway inflammati
Timely Opioid Administration in Pediatric Emergency Departments Reduces Hospitalizations for Acute Sickle Cell Pain
Prompt opioid delivery in pediatric EDs for sickle cell pain significantly lowers hospitalization rates, with the greatest benefit seen when the first dose is given within 60 minutes and the second dose within 30 minutes.
Surge in Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes Infections Among Children Post-COVID-19: Insights from a Spanish Nationwide Study
A Spanish multicenter study reveals a sharp rise in pediatric invasive group A streptococcal infections and severity after 2022, highlighting emm1 strain predominance and risk factors for critical illness and mortality.
Risk Factors and Epidemiological Trends in Severe Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease: Insights from the Netherlands 2015–2024
A comprehensive study identifies key clinical and temporal risk factors associated with severe invasive group A streptococcal disease in children, highlighting increased severity and incidence post-COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands.
Impact of Epstein-Barr Virus Serology on Oral HPV Infection Dynamics in Early Childhood: Insights from the Finnish Family HPV Cohort
This study explores how early Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and immune responses influence oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in children, revealing the interplay between EBV serology, paternal education, and oral HPV acquisiti
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