Pediatrics
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Once-Weekly Navepegritide Raises Growth Velocity and Improves Skeletal and Functional Outcomes in Children with Achondroplasia: Results from the APPROACH Trial
The APPROACH randomized trial found once-weekly navepegritide significantly increased annualized growth velocity and produced favorable skeletal alignment and physical-function improvements in children with achondroplasia, with an acceptabl
Single low‑dose primaquine (0.25 mg/kg) is safe and effective for blocking Plasmodium falciparum transmission in children and adults
A pooled individual‑patient meta‑analysis (6056 participants) shows single low‑dose primaquine (0.25 mg/kg) added to ACTs reduces gametocyte carriage and mosquito infectivity across ages and transmission settings without increasing clinical
An 18‑Month VLA15 Booster Elicits Robust Anti‑OspA Responses and Shows Favorable Tolerability Across Ages
An 18‑month booster of the VLA15 Lyme vaccine candidate produced strong anamnestic anti‑OspA IgG responses exceeding primary‑series levels in children, adolescents, and adults, with a tolerability profile similar to primary doses.
Post‑COVID Resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in French Children: Hospital Burden, Risk Factors for ICU Admission, and Clinical Implications
A nationwide French multicentre cohort (ORIGAMI) documents a substantial 2023–24 paediatric hospitalisation surge from Mycoplasma pneumoniae, identifies older age, asthma, comorbidity and erythema multiforme as ICU risk factors, and highlig
Recombinant Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine (RIV4) Shows Non‑Inferior Immunogenicity and Acceptable Safety in 9–17‑Year‑Olds: Results of a Phase 3 Immunobridging Study
A phase 3 immunobridging study found that a single dose of recombinant quadrivalent influenza vaccine (RIV4) induced non‑inferior HAI responses in 9–17‑year‑olds vs 18–49‑year‑olds, with a comparable safety profile and fewer solicited react
Peer Self-harm Predicts a Small Increase in Adolescent Risk with a Peak at Age 16: Findings from a Nationwide Finnish Cohort
A Finnish registry cohort (n=913,149) found that exposure to same-grade schoolmates’ self-harm modestly increased later self-harm risk (HR 1.05), with the largest effect around age 16 (HR ~1.45), suggesting time-limited social transmission
Maternal Paracetamol in Pregnancy and Child Neurodevelopment: Current Evidence Does Not Establish a Clear Causal Link
An umbrella review of systematic reviews finds low to critically low confidence in studies linking prenatal paracetamol exposure to autism or ADHD; sibling-controlled analyses largely attenuate associations. Clinical guidance: use lowest ef
Adenotonsillectomy Lowers Blood Pressure Percentiles in Children With Mild OSA — Greatest Benefit in Overweight Kids
An exploratory analysis of the PATS randomized trial found early adenotonsillectomy reduced 12‑month systolic and diastolic BP percentiles versus watchful waiting in children with mild obstructive sleep‑disordered breathing, with larger DBP
Adenotonsillectomy vs Watchful Waiting in Young Children with Mild–Moderate OSA: Long-term Findings from the KATE Randomized Trial
The KATE trial (n=60) found no between-group difference in polysomnographic OAHI change after 3 years, though adenotonsillectomy improved disease-specific quality of life. Nearly 42% of watchful-waiting children later underwent surgery, sug
General Practice Follow-up After Pediatric Ventilation Tube Insertion Is Noninferior to ENT Surveillance: Results from the ConVenTu Trial
A multicenter randomized noninferiority trial found that GP observation after pediatric ventilation tube insertion produced audiometric outcomes at 2 years that were noninferior to routine ENT follow-up, with no increase in complications.
Acute Kidney Injury in Extremely Preterm Infants Predicts Higher Risk of Death or Neurodevelopmental Impairment at Two Years
Secondary analysis of the PENUT trial found that acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants born at 24–27 weeks’ gestation is independently associated with death or moderate to severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 22–26 months’ corrected age.
Weight Trajectories Among Youths Following Residential Relocation
This study explores how changes in residential environments affect childhood BMI, focusing on air pollution, built environment, and socioeconomic factors across cohorts in the Netherlands, Sweden, and Czech Republic.
Community Health Workers Halt Decline in Quality of Life During Transition to Adult Care for Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
A multicenter randomized trial found that community health worker support produced modest but durable improvements in health-related quality of life for young adults with sickle cell disease during transition to adult care, whereas a mobile
Metformin Moderately Reduces Antipsychotic-Related Weight Gain in Youth with Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: Large Pragmatic 24‑Month Trial Supports Clinical Use
A 1,565‑participant pragmatic randomized trial shows metformin added to lifestyle counseling produced modest but statistically significant reductions in BMI Z-score at 6 and 24 months in overweight/obese children and adolescents with bipola
Metformin Modestly Reduces Antipsychotic-Associated Weight Gain in Youth with Bipolar Spectrum Disorders — Large Pragmatic Trial Supports Consideration in Practice
A large, pragmatic randomized trial found that adjunctive metformin produced a modest but statistically significant reduction in BMI Z-score at 6 and 24 months among overweight and obese youth with bipolar spectrum disorders treated with se
CPX‑351 in Down Syndrome–Associated Myeloid Leukemia: a dose‑sensitivity mismatch that reduced event‑free survival in the ML‑DS 2018 trial
In the ML‑DS 2018 trial, substituting reduced‑intensity induction with CPX‑351 led to lower 24‑month event‑free survival (69% vs 90%) despite excellent overall survival and minimal treatment‑related mortality; MRD by GATA1 NGS, trisomy 8 an
Is the Gut Microbiome Really a Key to Understanding Autism?
A critical review highlights serious flaws in research linking gut microbiome to autism, questioning its causal role and urging more rigorous studies or reconsideration of this research path.
Once‑Daily Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Fixed‑Dose Tablets Achieve Robust Pediatric Exposures and Reassuring Safety in the D3/PENTA 21 PK Sub‑Study
A nested PK and safety sub‑study of D3/PENTA 21 shows once‑daily DTG/3TC dispersible and film‑coated fixed‑dose tablets deliver adequate drug exposures across WHO weight bands in children 2–
Dolutegravir from Birth: PETITE‑DTG Shows Safe, Targeted Neonatal Dosing for Term Newborns
First randomized neonatal PK/safety data show 5 mg dolutegravir (dispersible tablet or oral film) every 48 hours for two weeks, then daily to day 28, achieves target troughs with acceptable safety in term infants born to mothers on dolutegr
Very Early Neonatal ART Enables ART‑Free HIV‑1 Remission in Some Children: Clinical Insights from IMPAACT P1115
IMPAACT P1115 shows that initiating combination ART within 48 hours of birth can enable sustained ART‑free HIV‑1 remission for 48+ weeks in a subset of children with in‑utero infection, but careful selection, close monitoring and standardiz
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