Otorhinolaryngology
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Expect-It: A Validated Decision Tool That Improves Planning for Camera-Assisted and Awake Intubation in Head and Neck Surgery
A prospectively developed and validated algorithm (Expect-It) using clinical, exam, and transnasal videoendoscopy data improves sensitivity for selecting camera-assisted and awake tracheal intubation and increases first-attempt success in h
Updated Basal Calcitonin Cutoffs Better Predict Extent of Lymph Node Metastasis in Medullary Thyroid Cancer
A multicenter Chinese cohort identifies new preoperative basal calcitonin thresholds (241.9, 693.9, 2378.5, 2787.1 pg/mL) that stratify risk of central, ipsilateral lateral, bilateral/contralateral lateral, and upper mediastinal lymph node
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Helps Patients with Major — Not Minor — Extranodal Extension in Oral Cavity SCC
A multicenter cohort study shows adjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival for oral cavity SCC patients with major extranodal extension (>2 mm) but provides no clear benefit for those with minor ENE (≤2 mm).
HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer Retains a Strong Survival Advantage After Surgery in Patients Aged ≥70
In a multi-center cohort of 345 surgically treated patients aged 70 or older with tonsil or base‑of‑tongue SCC, p16 positivity was associated with substantially better 5‑year overall and disease‑free survival compared with p16‑negative tumo
Unilateral TORS for HPV-Positive Tonsillar Cancer Appears Safe — Bilateral Contralateral Tonsillectomy May Add Harm Without Clear Benefit
In a retrospective cohort of 158 HPV-positive tonsil SCC patients, omission of prophylactic contralateral tonsillectomy during TORS was not associated with worse survival and showed trends toward fewer hemorrhages, ED visits, and shorter ho
Proton Beam vs IMRT for Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Multicenter Propensity-Matched Cohort Shows No Clear Superiority
A multicenter propensity-matched cohort comparing adjuvant proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for olfactory neuroblastoma found no definitive differences in local control, recurrence-free survival,
Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Predicts Improved Survival in HPV‑Negative Head and Neck Cancer
A pooled analysis of two neoadjuvant nivolumab trials found that pathologic treatment effect >57% is associated with markedly improved 3‑year disease‑free and overall survival in HPV‑negative resectable HNSCC, suggesting pTE may be a useful
Radiotherapy for Growing Vestibular Schwannomas: Real‑World Tumor Control and What It Means for Practice
An international multicenter cohort of 1,883 patients with radiologically growing vestibular schwannomas treated first‑line with radiotherapy showed a 10‑year tumor control rate of 76.1% (primary definition). Control estimates varied widely
Adenotonsillectomy vs Watchful Waiting in Young Children with Mild–Moderate OSA: Long-term Findings from the KATE Randomized Trial
The KATE trial (n=60) found no between-group difference in polysomnographic OAHI change after 3 years, though adenotonsillectomy improved disease-specific quality of life. Nearly 42% of watchful-waiting children later underwent surgery, sug
Palliative Care Timing, Tracheostomy, and Gastrostomy in Head and Neck Cancer: Implications for End-of-Life Quality and Costs
Early palliative care may reduce healthcare costs in head and neck cancer patients using tracheostomy or gastrostomy tubes but does not lessen aggressive hospital care or promote home deaths at the end of life.
Palliative Care, Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy Tube Use, and End-of-Life Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
This review synthesizes evidence on the timing of palliative care and the use of tracheostomy/gastrostomy tubes in head and neck cancer patients, highlighting their impact on end-of-life costs, quality, and care settings.
General Practice Follow-up After Pediatric Ventilation Tube Insertion Is Noninferior to ENT Surveillance: Results from the ConVenTu Trial
A multicenter randomized noninferiority trial found that GP observation after pediatric ventilation tube insertion produced audiometric outcomes at 2 years that were noninferior to routine ENT follow-up, with no increase in complications.
Proton Beam vs IMRT for Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Too Little Data for a Definitive Answer — What the New Propensity-Matched Cohort Tells Us
A multi-institutional propensity-matched cohort found no definitive differences in oncologic outcomes or grade ≥2 radiotherapy toxicities between adjuvant proton beam radiotherapy and IMRT for olfactory neuroblastoma, but estimates were imp
Deep Learning in Otolaryngology: Promises, Performance, and Pathways to Clinical Use
This critical synthesis of a 2020–2025 narrative review (327 DL studies) evaluates deep learning (DL) applications across diagnosis, prognosis, segmentation, and emerging intraoperative uses in otolaryngology and outlines practical steps fo
Preoperative CT Before Balloon Sinus Dilation: Most Comply — But One-Third of Surgeons Perform Procedures Without Recent Imaging
A Medicare claims analysis found that 15% of balloon sinus dilation (BSD) procedures lacked a CT within one year; 31.8% of otolaryngologists were outliers, with a small subset accounting for the majority of missed imaging—highlighting gaps
Preoperative CT Was Missing in 15% of Balloon Sinus Dilations — Medicare Claims Reveal a Clinically Significant Practice Gap
A Medicare claims study of 19,692 balloon sinus dilations found 15% lacked a CT within one year; 31.8% of otolaryngologists were outliers, with a small group accounting for most missed imaging, highlighting gaps in adherence to preoperative
Neural Networks Predict Survival for Older Adults With Head and Neck Cancer — Useful, but Not Yet Practice-Changing
An international cohort study developed and externally validated artificial neural networks that stratify older adults with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with definitive chemoradiation. Models
Treatment of a Mandibular Molar with Primary Failure of Eruption: A Case Report
A 12-year-old female with primary failure of eruption (PFE) affecting the right mandibular first molar is treated successfully via extraction and orthodontic repositioning, restoring function and occlusion.
APOE ε4, Age and Sex Converge to Disturb Anterior Olfactory Nucleus Physiology: Electrophysiologic Evidence for Early Alzheimer’s Vulnerability
In vivo awake recordings in transgenic mice show APOE ε4 reduces neuronal excitability in the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON); adult females are more excitable than males (a sex difference lost with aging), while aging amplifies network os
Carboxypeptidase D (CPD) Mutations Cause Congenital Hearing Loss — and Point to an Actionable NO/cGMP Pathway
A JCI study links recessive CPD missense variants to congenital deafness, defines a pathogenic mechanism through impaired arginine–NO–cGMP signaling with ER stress and apoptosis, and shows rescue in models with arginine or sildenafil — offe
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