Respiratory
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Dietary Patterns and Asthma Endotypes in Puerto Rican Youth
In Puerto Rican youth, an unhealthy diet was linked to higher odds of T17-high asthma, suggesting diet may influence asthma through immune pathways beyond allergy-related inflammation.
CT Small-Artery Loss Tracks Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in COPD and Fibrosing ILD More Closely Than Parenchymal Damage
CT-derived pulmonary vascular metrics, especially the small-artery to total arterial volume ratio, identify severe pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease, with distinct vascular remodeling patterns in COPD and fibrosing ILD.
International Validation of Electronic Nose Technology as a Diagnostic Tool for Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases
An international study found that electronic nose breath analysis can distinguish fibrotic interstitial lung disease subtypes with good accuracy, suggesting a promising noninvasive tool to support diagnosis.
International Validation of Electronic Nose Technology as a Diagnostic Tool for Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases
An international multicenter study found that electronic nose breath analysis can help distinguish fibrotic interstitial lung disease subtypes with promising accuracy, offering a noninvasive diagnostic aid.
Four Oxygenation Trajectories Define Reproducible Clinical Archetypes in Persistent Acute Respiratory Failure
A multi-cohort study identified four reproducible 14-day oxygenation trajectory classes in persistent acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, with distinct mortality, biomarker patterns, and links to ARDS and hyperinflammatory subphenotypes.
Twice-Yearly Depemokimab Maintained Asthma Control After Switching From Mepolizumab or Benralizumab, but Did Not Meet Formal Noninferiority for Exacerbations
In the phase 3A NIMBLE trial, switching biologic-responsive severe asthma patients to twice-yearly depemokimab preserved overall control and showed comparable safety, but formal noninferiority versus continued mepolizumab or benralizumab fo
Prone Positioning for Severe Hypoxemia Rose Sharply During COVID-19 but Was Not Sustained Across North American ICUs
In 37 North American hospitals, proning of eligible mechanically ventilated patients increased markedly during COVID-19, then fell post-pandemic, with substantial interhospital variation throughout.
COPD Cuts Life Expectancy in a Severity-Dependent Manner, With Losses Comparable to or Greater Than Diabetes and Smoking
A large pooled US cohort study found that COPD substantially reduces life expectancy, even among never-smokers, with years of life lost increasing progressively from GOLD stage 1 through stage 4.
Where a Lung Transplant Candidate Is Listed Still Shapes Access to Donor Lungs Under U.S. Continuous Distribution
A national SRTR analysis shows that transplant center geography still strongly influences effective donor access after CAS implementation, and the 2026 proximity-weighted amendment is likely to widen disparities, especially for biologically
Motivational Interviewing and Air Cleaners for Smokers with COPD (MOVE): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Portable HEPA air cleaners plus motivational interviewing improved symptoms and quality of life in smokers with COPD by reducing indoor particulate matter, though lung function and exacerbations did not significantly change.
Out-of-Bed Armchair Positioning Improves Oxygenation in Spontaneously Breathing ICU Patients
A randomized ICU trial found that sitting spontaneously breathing patients in an armchair for 3 hours improved oxygenation more than staying semi-recumbent in bed, with no serious adverse events.
Effectiveness of Automatically-Adjusted vs Manually-Adjusted Noninvasive Ventilation in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
In ambulatory patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome, automatically-adjusted noninvasive ventilation was as effective as manually adjusted NIV over 12 months and more cost-effective, offering a simpler path to treatment.
Dual versus monotherapy pretreatment before balloon pulmonary angioplasty in CTEPH: effects on complications and outcomes
In CTEPH patients undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty, dual pulmonary hypertension-targeted pretreatment was linked to fewer thoracic complications and better 6-month clinical improvement than monotherapy.
Lower Airway Dysbiosis in NTM-Positive Bronchiectasis Is Linked to NET-Dominant Severe Phenotypes
In NTM-positive bronchiectasis, lower airway dysbiosis involving Mycobacterium and oral bacteria is linked to higher NET levels and more severe disease phenotypes, suggesting that the broader airway microbiome may shape inflammation and out
Cardiovascular Benefit of CPAP May Be Greater in High-Risk Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
This pooled analysis found that CPAP may lower cardiovascular event risk mainly in patients with high-risk obstructive sleep apnoea, especially those with stronger heart-rate surges or greater oxygen deprivation during sleep.
More Enteral Protein Did Not Overcome Anabolic Resistance in Mechanically Ventilated Critical Illness
In a randomized trial, a 40 g intraduodenal whey bolus increased amino acid availability but did not significantly raise postprandial muscle protein synthesis versus 20 g in critically ill ventilated adults.
Predicted Body Weight May Be Too High for Many Critically Ill Women: New Evidence Challenges a Core Assumption in Lung-Protective Ventilation
A large analysis suggests the predicted body weight equation overestimates lung size in critically ill women, increasing the risk of higher driving pressures and contributing to excess mortality under standard tidal-volume targeting.
Ivermectin for COVID-19: From Pandemic Controversy to Definitive Futility in the REMAP-CAP and Global Randomized Trials
A comprehensive evidence-based synthesis of the REMAP-CAP trial and major international RCTs, demonstrating that ivermectin fails to improve clinical outcomes, survival, or organ support requirements in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COV
A GOLD Science Committee Perspective on Exacerbations and Cardiovascular Risk In COPD
COPD exacerbations significantly increase cardiovascular risk for months. This article examines the link between COPD and heart disease, emphasizing proactive screening during flare-ups and evidence-based prevention strategies to improve su
In-hospital influenza vaccination is associated with reduced 1-year mortality in critical patients with chronic pulmonary disease: a real world target trial emulation
In critically ill chronic pulmonary disease patients, receiving influenza vaccination during hospitalization reduces 1-year mortality by 12%, lowers 90-day mortality by 12%, decreases readmission risk by 13%, and reduces emergency visits by
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