Respiratory
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Twice-Yearly Depemokimab Maintained Asthma Control After Switching From Mepolizumab or Benralizumab, but Did Not Meet Formal Noninferiority for Exacerbations
In the phase 3A NIMBLE trial, switching biologic-responsive severe asthma patients to twice-yearly depemokimab preserved overall control and showed comparable safety, but formal noninferiority versus continued mepolizumab or benralizumab fo
Prone Positioning for Severe Hypoxemia Rose Sharply During COVID-19 but Was Not Sustained Across North American ICUs
In 37 North American hospitals, proning of eligible mechanically ventilated patients increased markedly during COVID-19, then fell post-pandemic, with substantial interhospital variation throughout.
COPD Cuts Life Expectancy in a Severity-Dependent Manner, With Losses Comparable to or Greater Than Diabetes and Smoking
A large pooled US cohort study found that COPD substantially reduces life expectancy, even among never-smokers, with years of life lost increasing progressively from GOLD stage 1 through stage 4.
Where a Lung Transplant Candidate Is Listed Still Shapes Access to Donor Lungs Under U.S. Continuous Distribution
A national SRTR analysis shows that transplant center geography still strongly influences effective donor access after CAS implementation, and the 2026 proximity-weighted amendment is likely to widen disparities, especially for biologically
Motivational Interviewing and Air Cleaners for Smokers with COPD (MOVE): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Portable HEPA air cleaners plus motivational interviewing improved symptoms and quality of life in smokers with COPD by reducing indoor particulate matter, though lung function and exacerbations did not significantly change.
Out-of-Bed Armchair Positioning Improves Oxygenation in Spontaneously Breathing ICU Patients
A randomized ICU trial found that sitting spontaneously breathing patients in an armchair for 3 hours improved oxygenation more than staying semi-recumbent in bed, with no serious adverse events.
Effectiveness of Automatically-Adjusted vs Manually-Adjusted Noninvasive Ventilation in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
In ambulatory patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome, automatically-adjusted noninvasive ventilation was as effective as manually adjusted NIV over 12 months and more cost-effective, offering a simpler path to treatment.
Dual versus monotherapy pretreatment before balloon pulmonary angioplasty in CTEPH: effects on complications and outcomes
In CTEPH patients undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty, dual pulmonary hypertension-targeted pretreatment was linked to fewer thoracic complications and better 6-month clinical improvement than monotherapy.
Lower Airway Dysbiosis in NTM-Positive Bronchiectasis Is Linked to NET-Dominant Severe Phenotypes
In NTM-positive bronchiectasis, lower airway dysbiosis involving Mycobacterium and oral bacteria is linked to higher NET levels and more severe disease phenotypes, suggesting that the broader airway microbiome may shape inflammation and out
Cardiovascular Benefit of CPAP May Be Greater in High-Risk Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
This pooled analysis found that CPAP may lower cardiovascular event risk mainly in patients with high-risk obstructive sleep apnoea, especially those with stronger heart-rate surges or greater oxygen deprivation during sleep.
More Enteral Protein Did Not Overcome Anabolic Resistance in Mechanically Ventilated Critical Illness
In a randomized trial, a 40 g intraduodenal whey bolus increased amino acid availability but did not significantly raise postprandial muscle protein synthesis versus 20 g in critically ill ventilated adults.
Predicted Body Weight May Be Too High for Many Critically Ill Women: New Evidence Challenges a Core Assumption in Lung-Protective Ventilation
A large analysis suggests the predicted body weight equation overestimates lung size in critically ill women, increasing the risk of higher driving pressures and contributing to excess mortality under standard tidal-volume targeting.
Ivermectin for COVID-19: From Pandemic Controversy to Definitive Futility in the REMAP-CAP and Global Randomized Trials
A comprehensive evidence-based synthesis of the REMAP-CAP trial and major international RCTs, demonstrating that ivermectin fails to improve clinical outcomes, survival, or organ support requirements in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COV
A GOLD Science Committee Perspective on Exacerbations and Cardiovascular Risk In COPD
COPD exacerbations significantly increase cardiovascular risk for months. This article examines the link between COPD and heart disease, emphasizing proactive screening during flare-ups and evidence-based prevention strategies to improve su
In-hospital influenza vaccination is associated with reduced 1-year mortality in critical patients with chronic pulmonary disease: a real world target trial emulation
In critically ill chronic pulmonary disease patients, receiving influenza vaccination during hospitalization reduces 1-year mortality by 12%, lowers 90-day mortality by 12%, decreases readmission risk by 13%, and reduces emergency visits by
Continuous Subphenotype Probabilities Expose High-Risk Patients Hidden Within “Hypoinflammatory” Acute Respiratory Failure
AHRF patients classified as hypoinflammatory are not prognostically uniform. Continuous biomarker-based probabilities reveal substantial mortality heterogeneity, especially below the binary 0.5 threshold, with implications for enrichment st
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Therapy Preserves Gas Exchange Overall in Portopulmonary Hypertension, but New Intrapulmonary Vascular Dilatations Can Emerge
In PoPH, PAH-specific therapy did not worsen oxygenation overall, although responses varied widely. Hemodynamic changes influenced gas exchange, and some patients developed new intrapulmonary vascular dilatations during follow-up.
Mild and Single Moderate COPD Exacerbations Predict Future Risks: Insights from a Community-Based Cohort Study
Community-based COPD patients with mild or single moderate exacerbations show higher future exacerbation risks and lung structural abnormalities, despite stable lung function decline rates.
Proximal Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Shows Promise for Moderate-to-Severe OSA in Landmark OSPREY Trial
A recent randomized controlled trial demonstrates that proximal hypoglossal nerve stimulation significantly improves obstructive sleep apnea symptoms in patients intolerant to positive airway pressure therapy.
Once-Daily Umeclidinium-Vilanterol Outperforms Other LAMA-LABA Combinations in Reducing COPD Exacerbations
A large observational study finds that once-daily umeclidinium-vilanterol dry powder inhaler significantly reduces COPD exacerbation risk compared to glycopyrrolate-formoterol and tiotropium-olodaterol, while maintaining similar safety prof
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