Gastroenterology
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Liver Stiffness Measurement vs. Biochemical Response in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Predicting Liver Decompensation with Precision
In primary biliary cholangitis, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) outperforms biochemical response in predicting first hepatic decompensation, emphasizing LSM’s pivotal role in clinical risk stratification despite frequent discordances betw
Standardizing Liver Biopsy Interpretation in MASH Trials: Key Consensus Statements from the International MASLD Pathology Group
An evidence-based, practical summary of the IMPG consensus on standardized histologic grading and staging for MASH (MASLD) clinical trials, with recommendations for biopsy processing, feature definitions, scoring, central reading, and AI-re
Breaking New Ground: The First Genetically Engineered Pig-to-Human Liver Xenotransplantation
This landmark study reports the first successful genetically engineered pig auxiliary liver transplanted into a living human, revealing critical insights on immunological compatibility and post-transplant complications, advancing liver xeno
Early Portopulmonary Hypertension in Cirrhosis: A Prognostic Marker of Increased Mortality
Early-stage portopulmonary hypertension, defined by revised 2022 ESC/ERS criteria, independently predicts mortality in patients with cirrhosis, underscoring the importance of systematic screening and early intervention.
Microbial Metabolism Dysfunction and Its Impact on Liver Injury After TACE in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
This review explores how gut microbiota disturbances, especially L. reuteri and its metabolite ILA, influence post-TACE liver injury and prognosis in HCC patients, highlighting potential microbiota-targeted therapies.
Simultaneous Liver Transplant and Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Dual Approach to Combat Obesity and MASLD with Durable Outcomes
Combining liver transplant with sleeve gastrectomy yields sustained weight loss, improved metabolic syndrome, and reduced liver allograft steatosis, without increasing mortality or graft loss, offering an effective treatment for obese patie
Xenotransplantation: Bridging the Gap in Liver Transplantation with Genetically Modified Pig Organs
Recent advances in genetically modified pig-to-human organ transplantation offer promising solutions for acute liver failure, bridging critical gaps in organ availability and raising important ethical and regulatory considerations.
Evaluating Fentanyl Use in Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception Reduction: Implications for Pain Management and Success Rates
A large multicenter study finds no association between fentanyl administration and failed reduction of pediatric ileocolic intussusception, supporting its safe use for analgesia during the painful reduction procedure.
Pharmacological Treatments for Pediatric Functional Constipation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies for functional constipation in children, identifying polyethylene glycol as the preferred first-line treatment based on moderate-certain
Comparative Risks of MASLD and MetALD: Insights from a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis on Hepatic and Extrahepatic Outcomes
This meta-analysis reveals that MetALD confers higher risks of liver-related events, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic cancers compared to MASLD, while mortality and cardiovascular risks are similar, emphasizing tailored clinical a
Evaluating the Necessity of Live Microbes in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for C. difficile Recurrence: Insights from a Non-Inferiority Trial
This study investigates whether sterile lyophilised fecal filtrate is as effective as traditional donor stool in preventing recurrent C. difficile infection, highlighting the importance of live microbes in treatment efficacy.
Conversion Therapy with Tislelizumab, Lenvatinib, and GEMOX in Unresectable Locally Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: The ZSAB-TransGOLP Phase 2 Study
The ZSAB-TransGOLP study demonstrates the promising efficacy and manageable safety of combining tislelizumab, lenvatinib, and GEMOX chemotherapy as a conversion therapy for unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer, achieving a 63%
Duct-to-Mucosa versus Other Pancreaticojejunostomy Techniques for Preventing Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: Updated Evidence and Clinical Insights
This Cochrane review update evaluates duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy compared to other anastomotic techniques following pancreaticoduodenectomy for preventing postoperative pancreatic fistula, finding very low-certainty evidence and
Da Vinci-Assisted vs Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication for GERD: A Critical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Four RCTs comparing robotic and laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for GERD show equivalent patient outcomes but longer operative times and higher costs with robotics, questioning its routine use.
Probiotics and Cognitive Health: Evaluating the Evidence from Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
An umbrella review synthesizes evidence from 156 RCTs assessing probiotics’ effects on cognitive-related outcomes, showing moderate- to high-quality support for cognitive benefits but highlighting need for further trials on strains and dosi
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Reveals No Increased Risk
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials finds no significant association between proton pump inhibitor use and increased risk of Clostridioides difficile infection, challenging earlier observational data and
Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI and CT in Evaluating Nonviability of Disappearing Colorectal Liver Metastases: An International Prospective Study
Combining MRI and CT improves detection of nonviable disappearing colorectal liver metastases but does not reliably confirm nonviability, challenging the management of such lesions post-chemotherapy.
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Conventional Laparoscopic vs Robot-Assisted Abdominal Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Implications
This review synthesizes evidence comparing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) between robot-assisted surgery (RAS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in abdominal procedures, highlighting the pivotal role of ventilation d
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