Oncology
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Checkpoint inhibition for frail patients: Durvalumab with carboplatin–etoposide shows tolerability and a 1‑year survival signal in poor‑performance‑status extensive‑stage SCLC (NEJ045A)
NEJ045A shows durvalumab plus carboplatin–etoposide is feasible in ES‑SCLC patients with PS2–3, with induction completion rates above thresholds and a 1‑year survival of 43.4% overall, supporting cautious use of chemo‑immunotherapy in selec
Metronomic Capecitabine Gives Durable 10‑Year DFS Benefit in Early Triple‑Negative Breast Cancer — FOXC1 May Identify Who Benefits
A 10‑year follow‑up of SYSUCC‑001 shows 1 year of metronomic capecitabine after standard adjuvant therapy improved disease‑free survival in early triple‑negative breast cancer; FOXC1 expression emerged as a potential predictive biomarker in
Distant Disease‑Free Survival Is a Reliable Surrogate for Overall Survival in Most Neoadjuvant Early Breast Cancer Trials — but Not All Subtypes
A pooled individual‑patient analysis of 11 neoadjuvant RCTs (12,247 patients) finds distant disease‑free survival (DDFS) strongly predicts overall survival (OS) trial‑level effects overall (R2trial=0.91), with weakened surrogacy in hormone‑
Camrelizumab plus Rivoceranib Delivers Substantial Survival Gain over Sorafenib in First‑line Unresectable HCC: Final CARES‑310 Results
Final CARES-310 analysis shows camrelizumab plus rivoceranib significantly improves overall survival versus sorafenib in first-line unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, with increased but manageable toxicity. Results support the combinati
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy Enables Organ Preservation Without Compromising Distant Control in pMMR/MSS Stage II–III Rectal Cancer: Insights from the NO-CUT Trial
The NO-CUT phase 2 trial shows that total neoadjuvant therapy (CAPOX-based TNT) followed by non-operative management for clinical complete responders achieved high 30‑month distant relapse‑free survival (95%) and enabled organ preservation
A Standardized RANO Resection Classification Links Supramaximal Surgery to Meaningful Survival Gains in IDH‑Mutant Grade 2 Glioma
An international retrospective cohort (n=1,391) validates a four‑tier RANO classification of residual T2‑FLAIR volume: supramaximal resection confers the largest survival benefit, with graded, durable advantages for maximal versus submaxima
Microbubble‑Enhanced Focused Ultrasound with Temozolomide Shows Feasibility and Promising Survival in High‑Grade Glioma — Phase 1/2 Multicentre Results
A multicentre phase 1/2 trial reports that MRI‑guided microbubble‑enhanced transcranial focused ultrasound (MB‑FUS) can safely open the blood–brain barrier and be combined with standard adjuvant temozolomide in high‑grade glioma, with media
Pembrolizumab plus Lenvatinib Shows Promising Activity but Substantial Toxicity as Second-Line Therapy After Nivolumab–Ipilimumab in Pleural Mesothelioma
In a single‑arm phase 2 cohort, pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib produced a 60% objective response rate in 20 patients with pleural mesothelioma progressing after first‑line nivolumab plus ipilimumab, but grade 3–4 toxicities were frequent (70
SMARCA4-altered Resectable and Advanced NSCLC: Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy Works for Squamous, But KRAS+STK11/KEAP1 Co-mutations Define an Immune‑Cold High‑Risk Subset
Two contemporary series show that SMARCA4‑altered NSCLC is molecularly and clinically heterogeneous: squamous tumors have high pathologic responses to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, while non‑squamous tumors—especially those with co‑occurr
Higher Osteoradionecrosis Risk After Proton Therapy than IMRT in Oropharyngeal Cancer — What Clinicians Should Know
In a large single‑institution cohort of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, proton therapy was associated with a higher 3‑year rate of osteoradionecrosis than IMRT (6.4% vs 2.7%), though severe ORN remained uncommon.
Hidden Burden: Nearly 1 in 10 Adolescents and Young Adults Develop Metastatic Recurrence — Survival Often Worse Than De Novo Metastasis
A California cohort study found a 5-year cumulative incidence of metastatic recurrence of 9.5% among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) initially diagnosed with nonmetastatic cancer; recurrence risk and post-recurrence survival varied mark
PLCOm2012 Risk-Based Selection Outperforms NELSON Criteria for Lung Cancer Detection in Germany: Findings from the HANSE Cohort
In HANSE, PLCOm2012 (6‑year risk ≥1.58%) selected more lung cancers and yielded a lower number needed to screen than NELSON criteria, supporting risk-model selection for CT screening programs, with caveats on generalisability and mortality
How Cancer Turns Nerves Against Immunity — and a New Strategy That Could Both Relieve Pain and Boost Immunotherapy
A Cell study shows head and neck cancers hijack a nerve→lymph node circuit (ATF4→SLIT2→sensory neurons→CGRP) to suppress immunity and cause pain — suggesting nerve-targeting drugs could both ease pain and improve immunotherapy.
Atorvastatin Preserves Aortic Elasticity During Anthracycline Chemotherapy: Secondary Analysis of STOP‑CA
In a secondary analysis of the randomized STOP‑CA trial, atorvastatin 40 mg daily attenuated anthracycline‑associated increases in aortic stiffness measured by CMR pulse wave velocity, suggesting vascular protection and a potential strategy
International Reference Values for Total Pancreatectomy Show Higher Perioperative Risk Than Pancreatoduodenectomy — Practical Benchmarks for Quality Control
This multicenter study defines international perioperative reference values for total pancreatectomy (TP). Even low‑risk TP carries higher morbidity and mortality than pancreatoduodenectomy; outcomes worsen with vascular resection or conver
Thyroid Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults Is Surging Worldwide — But Deaths Aren’t: Strong Evidence of Overdiagnosis from a 185‑Country Analysis
A 185-country study shows large, sustained increases in thyroid cancer incidence among adolescents and young adults (15–39 years) since the 2000s while mortality remains low and stable — a pattern most consistent with widespread overdiagnos
High, Persistent Breast Cancer Mortality in Sub‑Saharan Africa: 7‑Year ABC‑DO Cohort Reveals Major Survival Gaps and Actionable Targets
A 7‑year follow-up of 2,153 women in the ABC‑DO cohort shows poor breast cancer survival in much of sub‑Saharan Africa, with 5‑year crude survival 40% and marked between-country and racial disparities; reaching WHO stage downstaging targets
Severe Late Radiation Toxicities in Head and Neck Cancer: Common, Preventable, and Linked to Worse Survival
A large single-center cohort (n=7,622) shows 12.6% of head and neck cancer patients develop severe (≥RTOG grade 3) radiation-related late toxicities; modifiable factors and specialized multidisciplinary late-effects care may reduce risk and
Nationwide China Study Reveals Age-Specific Burden and Survival Gaps in Acute Leukaemia: Good Outcomes for Children and APL; Poor Prognosis in Older Adults
A large linkage of Chinese national registries (628.4 million population) estimates 43,275 acute leukaemia cases in 2019, describes age-specific incidence peaks in early childhood and older age, reports major survival gains for children and
Neoadjuvant Chidamide plus Anthracycline–Taxane Chemotherapy Yields a 35% RCB 0–I Rate in HR+/HER2– Breast Cancer: Early Phase 2 Results from MUKDEN 05
In a multicentre phase 2 single-arm trial, oral chidamide added to standard epirubicin–cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel produced an RCB 0–I rate of 35.2% in stage II–III HR+/HER2– breast cancer, with high rates of grade 3–4 neutropeni
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