Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học
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27 articles · 20 / page
Enhancing Triage of Non-16/18 High-Risk HPV Cervical Lesions Using FAM19A4, SOX1, and PAX1 Methylation Testing
FAM19A4, SOX1, and PAX1 methylation assays demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy for identifying CIN3+ among non-16/18 hrHPV-positive women, outperforming cytology and reducing unnecessary colposcopies.
Decoding Liver Fibrosis in MASLD: AI-Derived Collagen Phenotypes Enhance Molecular and Clinical Insights
This article explores a novel AI framework that identifies distinct collagen deposition patterns in MASLD, offering improved molecular specificity and prognostic value beyond traditional fibrosis assessments.
BRAF Mutations in AML: Rare, Biologically Distinct, and Linked to Poor Outcomes
BRAF mutations occur in about 1% of AML and are usually non-V600 variants enriched in myelodysplasia-related disease. This cohort study found poor survival and suggested that current therapies, including venetoclax-based regimens, remain in
Complement Activation May Define a Refractory Subset of Adult ITP
Complement deposition on platelets identifies a biologically distinct subset of adult ITP associated with higher platelet turnover and more first-line treatment refractoriness.
A Three-miRNA Plasma Signature May Help Detect Early Beta Cell Dysfunction Before Overt Type 2 Diabetes Progression
Plasma profiling identified a three-miRNA panel associated with beta cell rate sensitivity across glucose tolerance stages, suggesting a minimally invasive approach to detect early insulin secretory decline.
A Two-Marker Plasma Model Closely Mirrors PET-Based Biological Staging of Alzheimer Disease
Plasma %p-tau217 plus eMTBR-tau243 showed strong agreement with amyloid/tau PET staging, tracked clinical severity, and aligned with neuropathology, supporting a scalable blood-based approach to Alzheimer disease biological staging.
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Macro-TSH in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Macro-TSH was rare but clinically important in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, sometimes mimicking true thyroid disease and leading to unnecessary levothyroxine use. Specialized testing confirmed multiple immunoglobulin-linked TSH
Pathology-Driven Epithelial Sulfide Loss Reprograms the Redox Proteome and Triggers Barrett’s Esophagus
A study shows that reflux-related sulfide loss rewires esophageal redox proteins, increases PGE2 signaling, and helps drive Barrett’s esophagus, revealing a new potential therapeutic target.
New Genetic Modifiers in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease Link Aβ, Tau, TDP-43, and Vascular Biology to Clinical Variability
A genome-wide association study identified CNIH4, CCNG1, and RHOJ as genetic modifiers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease, with associations spanning disease risk, age at onset, fluid biomarkers, and neuroimaging phenotypes.
Early High-Resolution Immune Profiles Are Linked to Survival and Relapse After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Early immune profiling after allogeneic stem cell transplant was linked to survival and relapse risk. Stronger innate and adaptive immune recovery predicted better outcomes, while certain activation and checkpoint markers were associated wi
Next-Generation Sequencing MRD Detection Predicts Outcomes in AML Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
A low-cost NGS-based MRD test detected hidden AML cells before transplant and strongly predicted worse survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Regulatory-like FOXP3+Helios+CD4+ T Conventional Cells Correlate with T-Cell Activation After Orca-T Immunotherapy
A study of leukemia patients found that Orca-T transplant therapy increases a regulatory-like CD4+FOXP3+Helios+ T-cell subset early after treatment, and this subset correlates with later T-cell activation, offering a potential biomarker for
Elevated Von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII Show Promise as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
In a prospective cohort, VWF and FVIII were significantly elevated in chronic graft-versus-host disease, tracked with disease activity, and showed moderate diagnostic performance for early cGvHD.
Self-Reinforcing IL-1β Signaling Accelerates TCF3::HLF-Positive B-ALL Development and Relapse
Researchers found that IL-1β signaling drives growth, relapse, and bone damage in TCF3::HLF-positive B-ALL, suggesting IL-1β blockade may offer a new treatment strategy.
Molecular and Spatial Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer With Short vs Long-Term Survival
This study found that advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancers from short-term survivors had more fibroblasts and stromal invasion signals, while tumors from long-term survivors showed stronger immune pathways, suggesting the tumor microe
Circulating MicroRNA Scores May Distinguish Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Heart Transplant Rejection With High Accuracy
A prospective multicenter study found circulating microRNA rejection scores identified ACR and AMR with strong diagnostic performance and prognostic value, supporting their development as noninvasive tools to reduce reliance on surveillance
Small Copy Number-Neutral Intrachromosomal Translocation of PAX6 and Aniridia
Optical genome mapping and long-read sequencing uncovered a tiny balanced rearrangement that separated PAX6 from its control region, explaining classic aniridia after prior testing was negative.
Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status With Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer
In advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, pretreatment weight loss and low prognostic nutritional index were linked to shorter progression-free survival after immunotherapy, while baseline BMI was not predictive.
Microbial and Metabolic Correlates of Endometrial Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Translational Study
This study links PCOS-related miscarriage risk to gut microbiome changes, especially reduced Parabacteroides merdae and higher isoleucine, which may promote endometrial senescence and impair pregnancy outcomes.
TSH Stimulation Methods Show Comparable Outcomes in Radioiodine-Avid Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In radioiodine-avid metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, rhTSH and mixed rhTSH/thyroid hormone withdrawal preparation produced comparable adjusted outcomes. Prognosis was driven mainly by metastatic burden and age, supporting individua
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