Pathology & Lab Medicine/Bệnh học
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Pathology-Driven Epithelial Sulfide Loss Reprograms the Redox Proteome and Triggers Barrett’s Esophagus
A study shows that reflux-related sulfide loss rewires esophageal redox proteins, increases PGE2 signaling, and helps drive Barrett’s esophagus, revealing a new potential therapeutic target.
New Genetic Modifiers in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease Link Aβ, Tau, TDP-43, and Vascular Biology to Clinical Variability
A genome-wide association study identified CNIH4, CCNG1, and RHOJ as genetic modifiers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease, with associations spanning disease risk, age at onset, fluid biomarkers, and neuroimaging phenotypes.
Early High-Resolution Immune Profiles Are Linked to Survival and Relapse After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Early immune profiling after allogeneic stem cell transplant was linked to survival and relapse risk. Stronger innate and adaptive immune recovery predicted better outcomes, while certain activation and checkpoint markers were associated wi
Next-Generation Sequencing MRD Detection Predicts Outcomes in AML Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
A low-cost NGS-based MRD test detected hidden AML cells before transplant and strongly predicted worse survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Regulatory-like FOXP3+Helios+CD4+ T Conventional Cells Correlate with T-Cell Activation After Orca-T Immunotherapy
A study of leukemia patients found that Orca-T transplant therapy increases a regulatory-like CD4+FOXP3+Helios+ T-cell subset early after treatment, and this subset correlates with later T-cell activation, offering a potential biomarker for
Elevated Von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII Show Promise as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
In a prospective cohort, VWF and FVIII were significantly elevated in chronic graft-versus-host disease, tracked with disease activity, and showed moderate diagnostic performance for early cGvHD.
Self-Reinforcing IL-1β Signaling Accelerates TCF3::HLF-Positive B-ALL Development and Relapse
Researchers found that IL-1β signaling drives growth, relapse, and bone damage in TCF3::HLF-positive B-ALL, suggesting IL-1β blockade may offer a new treatment strategy.
Molecular and Spatial Differences in the Tumor Microenvironment of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer With Short vs Long-Term Survival
This study found that advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancers from short-term survivors had more fibroblasts and stromal invasion signals, while tumors from long-term survivors showed stronger immune pathways, suggesting the tumor microe
Circulating MicroRNA Scores May Distinguish Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Heart Transplant Rejection With High Accuracy
A prospective multicenter study found circulating microRNA rejection scores identified ACR and AMR with strong diagnostic performance and prognostic value, supporting their development as noninvasive tools to reduce reliance on surveillance
Small Copy Number-Neutral Intrachromosomal Translocation of PAX6 and Aniridia
Optical genome mapping and long-read sequencing uncovered a tiny balanced rearrangement that separated PAX6 from its control region, explaining classic aniridia after prior testing was negative.
Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status With Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer
In advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, pretreatment weight loss and low prognostic nutritional index were linked to shorter progression-free survival after immunotherapy, while baseline BMI was not predictive.
Microbial and Metabolic Correlates of Endometrial Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Translational Study
This study links PCOS-related miscarriage risk to gut microbiome changes, especially reduced Parabacteroides merdae and higher isoleucine, which may promote endometrial senescence and impair pregnancy outcomes.
TSH Stimulation Methods Show Comparable Outcomes in Radioiodine-Avid Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In radioiodine-avid metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, rhTSH and mixed rhTSH/thyroid hormone withdrawal preparation produced comparable adjusted outcomes. Prognosis was driven mainly by metastatic burden and age, supporting individua
Safety of Biopsy in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: What a Global Study Found
This international study found that biopsy of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma had low mortality and low serious complication rates, suggesting biopsy may be reasonable in carefully selected patients with expert management.
Early ctDNA MRD After Two Cycles Identifies Distinct Relapse Risk Groups in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma
In the GHSG HD21 trial, a validated ctDNA assay showed that MRD positivity after two treatment cycles strongly predicted inferior progression-free survival and improved early risk stratification, especially when combined with interim PET.
Why the cTnI/cTnT Ratio May Matter: A New Signal for Distinguishing Acute Necrotic From Chronic Myocardial Injury
A large multicohort and experimental study suggests the cTnI/cTnT ratio is biologically informative, separates acute from chronic myocardial injury, and modestly improves type 1 versus type 2 MI discrimination.
TP53 Multihit Does Not Fully Erase the Prognostic Advantage of Isolated del(5q) in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms
A multicenter retrospective study suggests that MDS with isolated del(5q) and TP53 multihit alterations has substantially better survival than other low-blast TP53-multihit MDS, challenging how this subgroup should be classified.
A Simple Five-Variable Index Helps Identify Excess Alcohol Use in Steatotic Liver Disease When PEth Testing Is Not Readily Available
A new five-component biomarker panel, MAPI, showed consistent AUROC performance of about 0.75 for detecting MetALD-ALD and may help triage confirmatory PEth testing in steatotic liver disease.
MRD Does Not Consistently Predict PFS Across Modern CLL Trials: Why Surrogacy Depends on Therapy, Duration, and Sample Source
A large meta-analysis shows MRD strongly predicts outcomes for individual patients with CLL, but is an inconsistent trial-level surrogate for progression-free survival, particularly with BTK inhibitor and venetoclax-based regimens.
Urinary Free Cortisol Thresholds Sharpen the Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Cushing’s Syndrome
A Spanish multicenter validation study shows that urinary free cortisol expressed as multiples of the upper limit of normal can meaningfully stratify the likelihood of ectopic ACTH secretion versus Cushing’s disease.
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