From 1999 to 2023, the prevalence of anemia among nonpregnant U.S. women aged 20–45 increased markedly from 8.0% to 14.2%, corresponding to over 3 million affected individuals.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) prevalence more than doubled in the same period, rising from 4.3% to 9.1%, indicating a growing public health concern.
Despite the rise in anemia and IDA, the prevalence of iron deficiency alone remained high yet relatively stable around 17–19%.
Adjusted analysis shows an 8% increase per NHANES cycle in the odds of anemia and IDA, underscoring a persistent worsening trend over the last two decades.
Study Background
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