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This review synthesizes evidence comparing brain atrophy patterns in MS, MOGAD, and AQP4+ NMOSD, highlighting MOGAD’s atrophy association with inflammatory activity and lesion dynamics, emphasizing distinct pathogenic mechanisms and c
In pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), escalation of acute immunotherapy beyond steroids at first attack is linked to significantly fewer relapses within one year and mid-term follow-up, highli
IL-6 receptor blockade significantly reduces relapse rates in MOG antibody-associated disease, showing comparable efficacy to high-dose IVIG with a favorable safety profile, supporting its role in relapse prevention.
This study reveals that disability improvement and worsening independent of attacks, though rare, occur in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and MOGAD. Early attack prevention and younger age are key factors influencing disability trajectories.
A nationwide French cohort found earlier diagnosis, falling relapse rates, and major treatment shifts in AQP4+NMOSD and MOGAD, with rituximab linked to lower disability risk in AQP4+NMOSD and overall milder disability trajectories in MOGAD.
In adults with MOGAD, stopping maintenance therapy was associated with a low 1-year relapse risk, especially after longer treatment and a longer relapse-free interval. The findings support individualized decisions and close follow-up after
A retrospective study reveals that 24% of patients meeting the latest MS criteria following optic neuritis actually have MOGAD or NMOSD, emphasizing the need for antibody testing to prevent misdiagnosis.
A multicenter study reveals that nearly one-quarter of patients meeting the newest multiple sclerosis criteria for optic neuritis actually have MOGAD or NMOSD, emphasizing the critical role of antibody screening and detailed orbital MRI in
