thoracic duct exploration

Direct Lymphangiography-Guided Cervical Thoracic Duct Exploration: Advancing Management of Primary Chylopericardium through Reflux Pattern Stratification and Long-Term Outcomes

This study characterizes abnormal lymphatic reflux patterns in primary chylopericardium using direct lymphangiography and demonstrates that guided cervical thoracic duct exploration yields a 66% long-term success rate, with specific reflux